| Repeated ethanol exposure during late gestation decreases nephron endowment in fetal sheep. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18565833 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy can affect fetal development, but little is known about the effects on the developing kidney. Our objectives were to determine the effects of repeated ethanol exposure during the latter half of gestation on glomerular (nephron) number and expression of key genes involved in renal development or function in the ovine fetal kidney. Pregnant ewes received daily intravenous infusion of ethanol (0.75 g/kg, n=5) or saline (control, n=5) over 1 h from 95 to 133 days of gestational age (DGA; term is approximately 147 DGA). Maternal and fetal arterial blood samples were taken before and after the start of the daily ethanol infusions for determination of blood ethanol concentration (BEC). Necropsy was performed at 134 DGA, and fetal kidneys were collected for determination of total glomerular number using the physical disector/fractionator technique; at this gestational age nephrogenesis is completed in sheep. Maximal maternal and fetal BECs of 0.12+/-0.01 g/dl (mean+/-SE) and 0.11+/-0.01 g/dl, respectively, were reached 1 h after starting maternal ethanol infusions. Ethanol exposure had no effect on fetal body weight, kidney weight, or the gene expression of members of the renin-angiotensin system, insulin-like growth factors, and sodium channels. However, fetal glomerular number was lower after ethanol exposure (377,585+/-8,325) than in controls (423,177+/-17,178, P<0.001). The data demonstrate that our regimen of fetal ethanol exposure during the latter half of gestation results in an 11% reduction in nephron endowment without affecting the overall growth of the kidney or fetus or the expression of key genes involved in renal development or function. A reduced nephron endowment of this magnitude could have important implications for the cardiovascular health of offspring during postnatal life. |
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Authors:
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Stephen P Gray; Kelly Kenna; John F Bertram; Wendy E Hoy; Edwin B Yan; Alan D Bocking; James F Brien; David W Walker; Richard Harding; Karen M Moritz |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2008-06-18 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology Volume: 295 ISSN: 0363-6119 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. Publication Date: 2008 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-08-11 Completed Date: 2008-09-09 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100901230 Medline TA: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: R568-74 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia. Stephen.gray@med.monash.edu.au |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Amniotic Fluid
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drug effects,
metabolism Animals Body Weight / drug effects Ethanol / administration & dosage, blood, toxicity* Female Fetal Blood / metabolism Fetal Weight / drug effects Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / drug effects Gestational Age Infusions, Intravenous Kidney Glomerulus / drug effects, embryology Nephrons / drug effects*, embryology, metabolism Organogenesis / genetics Pregnancy Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects* RNA, Messenger / metabolism Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Sheep |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/RNA, Messenger; 64-17-5/Ethanol |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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