Document Detail


Renal function following long-term weight loss in individuals with abdominal obesity on a very-low-carbohydrate diet vs high-carbohydrate diet.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20338292     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
A frequently cited concern of very-low-carbohydrate diets is the potential for increased risk of renal disease associated with a higher protein intake. However, to date, no well-controlled randomized studies have evaluated the long-term effects of very-low-carbohydrate diets on renal function. To study this issue, renal function was assessed in 68 men and women with abdominal obesity (age 51.5+/-7.7 years, body mass index [calculated as kg/m(2)] 33.6+/-4.0) without preexisting renal dysfunction who were randomized to consume either an energy-restricted ( approximately 1,433 to 1,672 kcal/day), planned isocaloric very-low-carbohydrate (4% total energy as carbohydrate [14 g], 35% protein [124 g], 61% fat [99 g]), or high-carbohydrate diet (46% total energy as carbohydrate [162 g], 24% protein [85 g], 30% fat [49 g]) for 1 year. Body weight, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin excretion were assessed before and after 1 year (April 2006-July 2007). Repeated measures analysis of variance was conducted. Weight loss was similar in both groups (very-low-carbohydrate: -14.5+/-9.7 kg, high-carbohydrate: -11.6+/-7.3 kg; P=0.16). By 1 year, there were no changes in either group in serum creatinine levels (very-low-carbohydrate: 72.4+/-15.1 to 71.3+/-13.8 mumol/L, high-carbohydrate: 78.0+/-16.0 to 77.2+/-13.2 mumol/L; P=0.93 time x diet effect) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (very-low-carbohydrate: 90.0+/-17.0 to 91.2+/-17.8 mL/min/1.73 m(2), high-carbohydrate: 83.8+/-13.8 to 83.6+/-11.8 mL/min/1.73 m(2); P=0.53 time x diet effect). All but one participant was classified as having normoalbuminuria at baseline, and for these participants, urinary albumin excretion values remained in the normoalbuminuria range at 1 year. One participant in high-carbohydrate had microalbuminuria (41.8 microg/min) at baseline, which decreased to a value of 3.1 microg/min (classified as normoalbuminuria) at 1 year. This study provides preliminary evidence that long-term weight loss with a very-low-carbohydrate diet does not adversely affect renal function compared with a high-carbohydrate diet in obese individuals with normal renal function.
Authors:
Grant D Brinkworth; Jonathan D Buckley; Manny Noakes; Peter M Clifton
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of the American Dietetic Association     Volume:  110     ISSN:  1878-3570     ISO Abbreviation:  J Am Diet Assoc     Publication Date:  2010 Apr 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-03-26     Completed Date:  2010-04-01     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7503061     Medline TA:  J Am Diet Assoc     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  633-8     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Copyright Information:
Copyright (c) 2010 American Dietetic Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Affiliation:
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation - Human Nutrition, PO Box 10041 BC, Adelaide, South Australia 5000. grant.brinkworth@csiro.au
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Albuminuria / epidemiology
Analysis of Variance
Creatinine / blood
Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted
Diet, Fat-Restricted
Dietary Carbohydrates / administration & dosage*,  metabolism
Dietary Fats / administration & dosage*,  metabolism
Dietary Proteins / administration & dosage,  adverse effects*,  metabolism
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Female
Glomerular Filtration Rate / drug effects,  physiology
Humans
Kidney / drug effects*,  physiology
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity, Abdominal / diet therapy*
Patient Compliance
Treatment Outcome
Weight Loss*
Young Adult
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Dietary Carbohydrates; 0/Dietary Fats; 0/Dietary Proteins; 60-27-5/Creatinine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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