| Regular Dark Chocolate Consumption's Reduction of Oxidative Stress and Increase of Free-Fatty-Acid Mobilization in Response to Prolonged Cycling. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21558573 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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This study investigated the effects of regular consumption of dark chocolate (DC), rich in cocoa polyphenols, on plasma metabolites, hormones, and markers of oxidative stress after prolonged exhaustive exercise. Twenty active men cycled at 60% maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) for 1.5 hr, with the intensity increased to 90% VO2max for a 30-s period every 10 min, followed by a ride to exhaustion at 90% VO2max. In the 2 wk before exercise participants consumed 40 g of DC or an isocarbohydrate-fat control cocoa liquor-free chocolate (CON) twice daily and once 2 hr before exercise in a randomized, counterbalanced, crossover design. Venous blood samples were taken immediately before exercise, postexercise (fixed duration), postexhaustion, and after 1 hr of recovery. F2-isoprostanes were significantly lower (post hoc tests: p < .001) at exhaustion and after 1 hr of recovery with DC. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins were significantly lower with DC (p < .001) both before and after exercise and at exhaustion. DC was also associated with ~21% greater rises in free fatty acids during exercise (main effect: p < .05). Changes in circulating glucose, insulin, glucagon, cortisol, and interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and IL-1ra were unaffected by treatment. Time to exhaustion at 90% VO2max was not significantly different between trials (398 ± 204 and 374 ± 194 s for DC and CON, respectively). These results suggest that regular DC intake is associated with reduced oxidative-stress markers and increased mobilization of free fatty acids after exercise but has no observed effect on exercise performance. |
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Authors:
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Judith Allgrove; Emily Farrell; Michael Gleeson; Gary Williamson; Karen Cooper |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism Volume: 21 ISSN: 1526-484X ISO Abbreviation: Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab Publication Date: 2011 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-05-11 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100939812 Medline TA: Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 113-23 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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