| Reduced blocking as a result of increasing the number of blocking cues. | |
MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18567269 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Weak behavioral control (blocking) occurs when a target stimulus (X) is paired with an outcome in the presence of a well-established signal for the outcome (i.e., a blocking stimulus). Conventional Pavlovian conditioning theories explain this effect by asserting that a discrepancy between expected and experienced outcomes is necessary for learning about X and that no such discrepancy exists in blocking situations. These theories anticipate that the effect of additional well-established signals for the unconditioned stimulus (US) should be additive. In two conditioned barpress suppression experiments using rats as subjects, the opposite result was observed. Experiment 1 provided evidence that blocking was reduced when two blocking stimuli were present during X-US pairings relative to when one blocking stimulus was present. Experiment 2 elaborated on the mechanisms underlying the observations in Experiment 1, while explaining the discrepancy between the results of Experiment 1 and prior reports of the additivity of blocking stimuli. |
Authors:
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James E Witnauer; Gonzalo P Urcelay; Ralph R Miller |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Psychonomic bulletin & review Volume: 15 ISSN: 1069-9384 ISO Abbreviation: Psychon Bull Rev Publication Date: 2008 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-06-23 Completed Date: 2008-10-03 Revised Date: 2014-09-19 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9502924 Medline TA: Psychon Bull Rev Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 651-5 Citation Subset: IM |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Behavior, Animal Conditioning, Classical* Cues Female Form Perception Male Random Allocation Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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33881//PHS HHS; R01 MH033881/MH/NIMH NIH HHS; R01 MH033881-27/MH/NIMH NIH HHS |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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