Document Detail


Protection against reactive oxygen species by selenoproteins.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  19268692     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are derived from cellular oxygen metabolism and from exogenous sources. An excess of ROS results in oxidative stress and may eventually cause cell death. ROS levels within cells and in extracellular body fluids are controlled by concerted action of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The essential trace element selenium exerts its antioxidant function mainly in the form of selenocysteine residues as an integral constituent of ROS-detoxifying selenoenzymes such as glutathione peroxidases (GPx), thioredoxin reductases (TrxR) and possibly selenoprotein P (SeP). In particular, the dual role of selenoprotein P as selenium transporter and antioxidant enzyme is highlighted herein. A cytoprotective effect of selenium supplementation has been demonstrated for various cell types including neurons and astrocytes as well as endothelial cells. Maintenance of full GPx and TrxR activity by adequate dietary selenium supply has been proposed to be useful for the prevention of several cardiovascular and neurological disorders. On the other hand, selenium supplementation at supranutritional levels has been utilised for cancer prevention: antioxidant selenoenzymes as well as prooxidant effects of selenocompounds on tumor cells are thought to be involved in the anti-carcinogenic action of selenium.
Authors:
Holger Steinbrenner; Helmut Sies
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review     Date:  2009-03-05
Journal Detail:
Title:  Biochimica et biophysica acta     Volume:  1790     ISSN:  0006-3002     ISO Abbreviation:  Biochim. Biophys. Acta     Publication Date:  2009 Nov 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2009-10-19     Completed Date:  2010-01-05     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0217513     Medline TA:  Biochim Biophys Acta     Country:  Netherlands    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1478-85     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich-Heine-University, D??sseldorf, Germany.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Cytoprotection / drug effects,  genetics*
Humans
Neoplasms / prevention & control
Neuroprotective Agents / metabolism
Reactive Oxygen Species / pharmacology*
Selenium / pharmacology,  therapeutic use
Selenoproteins / genetics,  metabolism,  physiology*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Neuroprotective Agents; 0/Reactive Oxygen Species; 0/Selenoproteins; 7782-49-2/Selenium

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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