Document Detail


Propylene glycol produces excessive apoptosis in the developing mouse brain, alone and in combination with phenobarbital.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  22289851     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
INTRODUCTION: Propylene glycol (PG) is a common solvent used in medical preparations. It is generally recognized as safe at regulated concentrations; however, its apoptotic potential is unknown.
RESULTS: PG triggered widespread apoptotic neurodegeneration with the greatest damage at postnatal day 7 (P7). Significant apoptosis was observed at doses as low as 2 ml/kg. These findings have implications for the safety of drug preparations used in pediatric medicine. The anticonvulsant phenobarbital (PB), which alone produces apoptosis in the immature central nervous system (CNS) is prepared in 68% PG and 10% ethanol (EtOH). We assessed whether PG contributes to the neurotoxic potential of PB. The agents (both at subtoxic doses) produce significantly more apoptosis when used in combination.
DISCUSSION: In conclusion, finding an alternative non-apoptotic solvent that can be used as a substitute for PG may be beneficial to patients.
METHODS: C57BL/6 mice (P4-30) were exposed to PG to examine whether PG could produce apoptosis in the developing CNS.
Authors:
Karen Lau; Brant S Swiney; Nick Reeves; Kevin K Noguchi; Nuri B Farber
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Pediatric research     Volume:  71     ISSN:  1530-0447     ISO Abbreviation:  Pediatr. Res.     Publication Date:  2012 Jan 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2012-01-31     Completed Date:  2012-05-15     Revised Date:  2012-05-22    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0100714     Medline TA:  Pediatr Res     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  54-62     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Anticonvulsants / pharmacology*
Apoptosis / drug effects*
Brain* / drug effects,  growth & development,  pathology
Caspase 3 / metabolism
Humans
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Nerve Degeneration / chemically induced,  pathology
Phenobarbital / pharmacology*
Propylene Glycol / pharmacology*
Solvents / pharmacology*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
K01 MH083046/MH/NIMH NIH HHS; K01MH083046/MH/NIMH NIH HHS; P30 HD062171/HD/NICHD NIH HHS; P30HD062171/HD/NICHD NIH HHS; R01 ES012443/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS; R01 ES012443/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Anticonvulsants; 0/Solvents; 50-06-6/Phenobarbital; 57-55-6/Propylene Glycol; EC 3.4.22.-/Caspase 3

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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