| Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy infants and toddlers. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18524739 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and to examine whether 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration varies as a function of skin pigmentation, season, sun exposure, breastfeeding, and vitamin D supplementation. DESIGN: Cross-sectional sample. SETTING: Urban primary care clinic. PARTICIPANTS: Healthy infants and toddlers (N = 380) who were seen for a routine health visit. OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes were serum 25OHD and parathyroid hormone levels; secondary measures included data on sun exposure, nutrition, skin pigmentation, and parental health habits. Wrist and knee radiographs were obtained for vitamin D-deficient participants. RESULTS: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (< or =20 ng/mL) was 12.1% (44 of 365 participants), and 146 participants (40.0%) had levels below an accepted optimal threshold (< or =30 ng/mL). The prevalence did not vary between infants and toddlers or by skin pigmentation. There was an inverse correlation between serum 25OHD and parathyroid hormone levels (infants: r = -0.27, P < .001; toddlers: r = -0.20, P = .02). In multivariable models, breastfeeding without supplementation among infants and lower milk intake among toddlers were significant predictors of vitamin D deficiency. In vitamin D-deficient participants, 3 participants (7.5%) exhibited rachitic changes on radiographs, whereas 13 (32.5%) had evidence of demineralization. CONCLUSIONS: Suboptimal vitamin D status is common among otherwise healthy young children. Predictors of vitamin D status vary in infants vs toddlers, information that is important to consider in the care of these young patients. One-third of vitamin D-deficient participants exhibited demineralization, highlighting the deleterious skeletal effects of this condition. |
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Authors:
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Catherine M Gordon; Henry A Feldman; Linda Sinclair; Avery LeBoff Williams; Paul K Kleinman; Jeannette Perez-Rossello; Joanne E Cox |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine Volume: 162 ISSN: 1538-3628 ISO Abbreviation: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med Publication Date: 2008 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-06-05 Completed Date: 2008-07-03 Revised Date: 2011-11-02 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9422751 Medline TA: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 505-12 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Divisions of Adolescent Medicine and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA. catherine.gordon@childrens.harvard.edu |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Child Welfare
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statistics & numerical data* Child, Preschool Female Humans Infant Infant Welfare / statistics & numerical data* Infant, Newborn Knee / radiography Life Style Male Nutritional Status Prevalence Primary Health Care* Questionnaires Risk Factors United States / epidemiology Urban Population / statistics & numerical data* Vitamin D / analogs & derivatives, blood Vitamin D Deficiency / blood, epidemiology* Wrist / radiography |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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M01 RR002172-246237/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; MO1-RR-2172/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; P30 DK040561-13/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; T71MC00009//PHS HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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1406-16-2/Vitamin D; 64719-49-9/25-hydroxyvitamin D |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008 Jun;162(6):583-4
[PMID:
18524751
]
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008 Dec;162(12):1193; author reply 1194 [PMID: 19047550 ] |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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