| Prevalence of bacterial contamination of powdered infant feeds in a hospital environment. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 17805457 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: The study arose as part of a best-practice nutrition model regarding the introduction of ready-to-use (RTU) infant feeds in place of powdered infant feeds (PIFs) as a standard formula for infants under the age of 1 year who are unable to be breastfed. Internationally and locally there is grave concern regarding the safety and efficacy of mixing PIFs, especially in a hospital setting, and the resultant bacterial contamination causing enteric infections, especially in premature, immunocompromised and sick infants. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of bacterial contamination of PIFs given to infants at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town. METHODS: Quantitative levels of bacterial contamination were determined and were expressed as colony-forming units (CFUs) per millilitre of sample. Aliquots of milk were inoculated onto agar, and the milk samples were then incubated at 25 degrees C overnight (N = 10), 30 degrees C overnight (N = 48) and 30 degrees C for 6 hours (N = 34). Post-incubation milk samples were cultured again. Contamination was defined as any positive culture before administration (i.e. pre incubation) or > 10(2) CFU/ ml after administration (i.e. post incubation). RESULTS: Fifty samples of PIFs (N = 82) were contaminated pre incubation, with 25/82 samples (30.4%) being heavily contaminated ( >or= 10(4) CFU/ml). Post incubation, 43/92 samples (46.7%) were contaminated with > 102 CFU/ml. The acidified PIFs appeared to have some bactericidal effect against some of the organisms, but not all. CONCLUSIONS: RTU infant feeds are sterile and are recommended for use in all hospitalised infants. The results of this study indicate that even when milk is prepared in a controlled environment there is significant bacterial contamination of PIFs post production. As RTU feeds are now readily available in South Africa every attempt should be made to use a sterile RTU system for hospitalised infants. |
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Authors:
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L V Marino; E Goddard; A Whitelaw; L Workman |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde Volume: 97 ISSN: 0256-9574 ISO Abbreviation: S. Afr. Med. J. Publication Date: 2007 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2007-09-06 Completed Date: 2007-10-03 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0404520 Medline TA: S Afr Med J Country: South Africa |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 534-7 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Dietetics, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and School of Adolescent and Child Health, Cape Town, South Africa. lmarino@pgwc.gov.za |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Colony Count, Microbial Food Contamination / statistics & numerical data* Food Handling Food Microbiology* Food Service, Hospital Humans Infant Infant Formula* Powders |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Powders |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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