Document Detail


Pretreatment of human myocardium with adenosine during open heart surgery.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  8574025     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Depressed myocardial performance after cardiac surgery can be contributed to ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) incurred during and following the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Myocardial preconditioning (PC) achieved by brief ischemia and subsequent reperfusion appears to be a clinically useful method of improved cardiac protection during surgery involving CPB by retarding IRI. Based on animal studies, activation of cardiac adenosine (ADO) receptors prior to the prolonged ischemic period appears to mimic this PC phenomenon. AIMS AND METHODS: We investigated whether the human myocardial PC can be mimicked with ADO in the setting of the coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The specific proposed objective of this study was to determine whether ADO infusion just prior to starting the CPB can improve post-CPB myocardial hemodynamics. Patients undergoing elective CABG with poor ventricular function (ejection fraction approximately 30%), and with at least three-vessel disease were selected for this study (n = 7 ADO, and n = 7 control). RESULTS: Our results show that ADO infusion (250-350 micrograms/kg X 10 min) just prior to CPB resulted in an immediately improved postbypass cardiac index (CI) in the OR (CI increase of 41.5% +/- 11.1% for ADO vs 9.7% +/- 6.0% for control, p < 0.05). Forty hours postoperatively in the intensive care unit, ADO patients had improved CI (3.3 +/- 0.2 L/min per m2 for ADO, vs 2.6 +/- 4 L/min per m2 for control, p < 0.05). ADO patients maintained lowered resting heart rate (90 +/- 6 for ADO, vs 108 +/- 4 for control, p < 0.05) 40 hours after surgery. ADO patients also released significantly less CPK during the first 24 hours of the postoperative period. CONCLUSION: Based on these measurements, ADO pretreated patients had improved ventricular performance postoperatively. It also appears that ADO pretreatment results in lowered postoperative myocardial energy demand and less myocellular injury during CPB. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that human myocardium can be hemodynamically improved with ADO pretreatment, and may be protected against IRI incurred during and following the CPB. We believe that a cardiac surgeon may now have the unique opportunity to confer myocardial protection during and after a cardiac surgical procedure.
Authors:
H T Lee; R J LaFaro; G E Reed
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of cardiac surgery     Volume:  10     ISSN:  0886-0440     ISO Abbreviation:  J Card Surg     Publication Date:  1995 Nov 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1996-03-13     Completed Date:  1996-03-13     Revised Date:  2007-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8908809     Medline TA:  J Card Surg     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  665-76     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Surgery, Westchester County Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adenosine / therapeutic use*
Aged
Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Coronary Artery Bypass*
Female
Hemodynamics / drug effects
Humans
Male
Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / physiopathology,  prevention & control*
Premedication*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
58-61-7/Adenosine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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