| Prenatal risk factors for autism: comprehensive meta-analysis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19567888 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: The aetiology of autism is unknown, although prenatal exposures have been the focus of epidemiological research for over 40 years. AIMS: To provide the first quantitative review and meta-analysis of the association between maternal pregnancy complications and pregnancy-related factors and risk of autism. METHOD: PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO databases were searched for epidemiological studies that examined the association between pregnancy-related factors and autism. Forty studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Summary effect estimates were calculated for factors examined in multiple studies. RESULTS: Over 50 prenatal factors have been examined. The factors associated with autism risk in the meta-analysis were advanced parental age at birth, maternal prenatal medication use, bleeding, gestational diabetes, being first born v. third or later, and having a mother born abroad. The factors with the strongest evidence against a role in autism risk included previous fetal loss and maternal hypertension, proteinuria, pre-eclampsia and swelling. CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to implicate any one prenatal factor in autism aetiology, although there is some evidence to suggest that exposure to pregnancy complications may increase the risk. |
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Authors:
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Hannah Gardener; Donna Spiegelman; Stephen L Buka |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science Volume: 195 ISSN: 1472-1465 ISO Abbreviation: Br J Psychiatry Publication Date: 2009 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-07-01 Completed Date: 2009-12-11 Revised Date: 2010-05-03 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0342367 Medline TA: Br J Psychiatry Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 7-14 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Post Office Box 016960 (M712), Miami, FL 33101, USA. hgardener@med.miami.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Autistic Disorder
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etiology* Birth Order Diabetes, Gestational Emigration and Immigration Female Fetal Hypoxia Humans Parents Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications* Prevalence Regression Analysis Risk Factors |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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T32 MH17119/MH/NIMH NIH HHS |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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Br J Psychiatry. 2010 May;196:416; author reply 416-7
[PMID:
20435973
]
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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