Document Detail


Pregnancy up-regulates intestinal calcium absorption and skeletal mineralization independently of the vitamin D receptor.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20051486     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Without the vitamin D receptor (VDR), adult mammals develop reduced intestinal calcium absorption, rickets, and osteomalacia. Intestinal calcium absorption normally increases during pregnancy so that the mother can supply sufficient calcium to her fetuses. The maternal skeleton is rapidly resorbed during lactation to provide calcium needed for milk; that lost bone mineral content (BMC) is completely restored after weaning. We studied Vdr null mice to determine whether these adaptations during pregnancy and lactation require the VDR. Vdr nulls were severely rachitic at 10 wk of age on a normal diet. Pregnancy induced a 158% increase in Vdr null BMC to equal the pregnant wild-type (WT) value. Lactation caused BMC losses that were equal in Vdr nulls and WT. Vdr nulls recovered after weaning to a BMC 50% higher than before pregnancy and equal to WT. Additional analyses showed that during pregnancy, duodenal (45)Ca absorption increased in Vdr nulls, secondary hyperparathyroidism lessened, bone turnover markers decreased, and osteoid became fully mineralized. A genome-wide microarray analysis of duodenal RNA found marked reduction of Trpv6 in Vdr nulls at baseline but a 13.5-fold increase during pregnancy. Calbindin D-9K (S100g) and Ca(2+)-ATPase (Pmca1) were not altered by pregnancy. Several other solute transporters increased during pregnancy in Vdr nulls. In summary, Vdr nulls adapt to pregnancy by up-regulating duodenal Trpv6 and intestinal (45)Ca absorption, thereby enabling rapid normalization of BMC during pregnancy. These mice lactate normally and fully restore BMC after weaning. Therefore, VDR is not required for the skeletal adaptations during pregnancy, lactation, and after weaning.
Authors:
Neva J Fudge; Christopher S Kovacs
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2010-01-05
Journal Detail:
Title:  Endocrinology     Volume:  151     ISSN:  1945-7170     ISO Abbreviation:  Endocrinology     Publication Date:  2010 Mar 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-02-22     Completed Date:  2010-03-26     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0375040     Medline TA:  Endocrinology     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  886-95     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adaptation, Physiological
Animals
Bone Density
Calcification, Physiologic*
Calcitriol / metabolism
Calcium / metabolism*
Duodenum / metabolism
Female
Gene Expression Profiling
Homeostasis
Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / metabolism
Intestinal Absorption*
Lactation / metabolism
Mice
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Pregnancy
Pregnancy, Animal / metabolism*
Receptors, Calcitriol / metabolism*
Rickets / metabolism,  pathology
Tibia / pathology
Up-Regulation
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
//Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Receptors, Calcitriol; 32222-06-3/Calcitriol; 7440-70-2/Calcium

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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