Document Detail


Postcesarean analgesia with both epidural morphine and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia: neurobehavioral outcomes among nursing neonates.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  9296416     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Among nursing parturients after cesarean delivery, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with meperidine is associated with significantly more neonatal neurobehavioral depression than PCA with morphine. A single dose of epidural morphine (4 mg) decreases postcesarean opioid analgesic requirements and may reduce or prevent neonatal neurobehavioral depression associated with PCA meperidine. Prospectively, 102 term parturients underwent cesarean delivery with epidural anesthesia, 2% lidocaine and epinephrine 1:200,000. After umbilical cord clamping, each patient received epidural morphine 4 mg and was randomly allocated to receive either PCA meperidine or PCA morphine. Initial neonatal characteristics, included gestational age, Apgar scores, weight, and umbilical cord gas partial pressures. Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) examinations were performed on each of the first 4 days of life. Nursing infants (n = 47) were grouped according to maternal PCA opioid in breast milk (meperidine [n = 24] or morphine [n = 23]); bottle-fed infants (n = 56) served as the control group. The three infant groups were equivalent with respect to initial characteristics and NBAS scores on the first 2 days of life. On the third day of life, infants in the morphine group were significantly more alert and oriented to animate human cues compared with infants in the meperidine or control group. On the fourth day of life, infants in the morphine group remained significantly more alert and oriented to animate human auditory cues than infants in the meperidine group. Average PCA opioid consumption through 48 h postpartum was equivalent (0.54 mg/kg morphine and 4.7 mg/kg meperidine); however, even with these small doses, meperidine was associated with significantly poorer neonatal alertness and orientation than morphine. Morphine is the PCA opioid of choice for postcesarean analgesia among nursing parturients. IMPLICATIONS: Among nursing parturients after cesarean delivery, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with meperidine is associated with more neonatal neurobehavioral depression than patient-controlled analgesia with morphine. In this study, we found that nursing infants exposed to morphine were more alert and oriented to animate human cues than those exposed to meperidine.
Authors:
B Wittels; B Glosten; E A Faure; A H Moawad; M Ismail; J Hibbard; J A Senal; S M Cox; S C Blackman; L Karl; R A Thisted
Related Documents :
1345466 - Anesthesia for the healthy child.
21727276 - Effects of prophylactic indomethacin in extremely low-birth-weight infants with and wit...
21861146 - Antenatal calcium channel blocker exposure and subsequent patent ductus arteriosus in e...
19013416 - Methemoglobinemia due to application of prilocaine during circumcision and the effect o...
9797626 - Randomised, controlled trial of nasal continuous positive airway pressure in the extuba...
8597856 - Increased muscularization of small pulmonary arteries in preterm infants of diabetic mo...
Publication Detail:
Type:  Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Anesthesia and analgesia     Volume:  85     ISSN:  0003-2999     ISO Abbreviation:  Anesth. Analg.     Publication Date:  1997 Sep 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1997-09-29     Completed Date:  1997-09-29     Revised Date:  2004-11-17    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  1310650     Medline TA:  Anesth Analg     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  600-6     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Analgesia, Epidural*
Analgesia, Obstetrical*
Analgesia, Patient-Controlled*
Analgesics, Opioid / administration & dosage*,  analysis
Breast Feeding*
Cesarean Section*
Depression, Chemical
Double-Blind Method
Female
Humans
Infant Behavior / drug effects*
Infant, Newborn
Male
Meperidine / administration & dosage,  analysis
Milk, Human / chemistry
Morphine / administration & dosage*,  analysis
Neurologic Examination
Pain, Postoperative / drug therapy*
Pregnancy
Prospective Studies
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Analgesics, Opioid; 57-27-2/Morphine; 57-42-1/Meperidine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  The effects of sevoflurane on recovery of brain energy metabolism after cerebral ischemia in the rat...
Next Document:  Maternal experience during epidural or combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for cesarean section: a p...