Document Detail


Phytophenols in whisky lower blood acetaldehyde level by depressing alcohol metabolism through inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (class I) in mice.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  19013301     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
We recently reported that the maturation of whisky prolongs the exposure of the body to a given dose of alcohol by reducing the rate of alcohol metabolism and thus lowers the blood acetaldehyde level (Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2007;31:77s-82s). In this study, administration of the nonvolatile fraction of whisky was found to lower the concentration of acetaldehyde in the blood of mice by depressing alcohol metabolism through the inhibition of liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Four of the 12 phenolic compounds detected in the nonvolatile fraction (caffeic acid, vanillin, syringaldehyde, ellagic acid), the amounts of which increase during the maturation of whisky, were found to strongly inhibit mouse ADH 1 (class I). Their inhibition constant values for ADH 1 were 0.08, 7.9, 15.6, and 22.0 mumol/L, respectively, whereas that for pyrazole, a well-known ADH inhibitor, was 5.1 mumol/L. The 2 phenolic aldehydes and ellagic acid exhibited a mixed type of inhibition, whereas caffeic acid showed the competitive type. When individually administered to mice together with ethanol, each of these phytophenols depressed the elimination of ethanol, thereby lowering the acetaldehyde concentration of blood. Thus, it was demonstrated that the enhanced inhibition of liver ADH 1 due to the increased amounts of these phytophenols in mature whisky caused the depression of alcohol metabolism and a consequent lowering of blood acetaldehyde level. These substances are commonly found in various food plants and act as antioxidants and/or anticarcinogens. Therefore, the intake of foods rich in them together with alcohol may not only diminish the metabolic toxicity of alcohol by reducing both the blood acetaldehyde level and oxidative stress, but also help limit the amount of alcohol a person drinks by depressing alcohol metabolism.
Authors:
Takeshi Haseba; Junichi Sugimoto; Shigeo Sato; Yuko Abe; Youkichi Ohno
Publication Detail:
Type:  Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Metabolism: clinical and experimental     Volume:  57     ISSN:  1532-8600     ISO Abbreviation:  Metab. Clin. Exp.     Publication Date:  2008 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2008-11-17     Completed Date:  2008-12-09     Revised Date:  2009-05-19    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0375267     Medline TA:  Metabolism     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1753-9     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Legal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Acetaldehyde / blood*,  metabolism
Alcohol Dehydrogenase / antagonists & inhibitors*,  metabolism
Alcoholic Beverages*
Animals
Benzaldehydes / pharmacokinetics
Chemical Fractionation
Down-Regulation / drug effects
Ellagic Acid / pharmacokinetics
Ethanol / pharmacokinetics*
Liver / drug effects,  enzymology,  metabolism
Male
Mice
Models, Biological
Phenols / metabolism,  pharmacology*
Volatilization
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Benzaldehydes; 0/Phenols; 121-33-5/vanillin; 476-66-4/Ellagic Acid; 64-17-5/Ethanol; 75-07-0/Acetaldehyde; EC 1.1.1.1/Alcohol Dehydrogenase
Comments/Corrections
Comment In:
Metabolism. 2009 Jun;58(6):889-90   [PMID:  19375127 ]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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