| Physiological Remodeling of the Maternal Uterine Circulation during Pregnancy. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21902814 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Sufficient uteroplacental blood flow is essential for normal pregnancy outcome and is accomplished by the coordinated growth and remodeling of the entire maternal uterine vasculature. The main focus of this MiniReview is to provide information on upstream (pre-placental) maternal uterine vascular remodeling that facilitates gestational increases in uterine blood flow. Consideration of the three-dimensional pattern of remodeling (circumferential enlargement versus axial elongation), changes in vessel biomechanical properties, and underlying mechanisms (shear stress, nitric oxide, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/Placental growth factor (PlGF), the renin-angiotensin system) and pathways (local versus systemic; venoarterial exchange) are provided using the rat as the principal animal model, although findings from other species are incorporated wherever possible to provide a comparative perspective. The process of maternal gestational uterine vascular remodeling involves a number of cellular processes and mechanisms, including trophoblast invasion, hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and changes in extracellular matrix composition. In addition, changes in cellular function, e.g. the secretory and contractile properties of smooth muscle and an upregulation of endothelial vasodilatory influences may contribute to uteroplacental blood flow increases through changes in tone as well as structure. Future studies aimed at better understanding the inter-relationship between changes in vessel structure (remodeling) and function (reactivity) would likely generate new mechanistic insights into the fascinating process of maternal gestational uterine vascular adaptation, and provide a more physiological perspective of the underlying cellular processes involved in its regulation. |
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Authors:
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Maurizio Mandala; George Osol |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-9-8 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology Volume: - ISSN: 1742-7843 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-9-9 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101208422 Medline TA: Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology © 2011 Nordic Pharmacological Society. |
Affiliation:
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Dept. of Cellular Biology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy. Dept. of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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