| Physical fitness and heart rate recovery are decreased in major depressive disorder. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19414614 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether physical fitness is decreased in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in comparison to matched healthy controls because low physical fitness has been shown to be associated with metabolic syndrome or autonomic dysfunction. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are known to be increased in patients with MDD. Furthermore, the effect of a single exhaustive exercise task on heart rate recovery (HRR) and mood was examined. METHODS: Peak oxygen consumption (VO(2)peak), maximum workload (P peak), and individual anaerobic threshold (IAT) were assessed in 22 patients suffering from MDD and 22 controls in a stepwise exhaustion protocol, using spirometry and lactate diagnostics. HRR was detected within the first minute after recovery. The Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) was used to assess mood before and after exercise. RESULTS: VO(2)peak, P peak, and IAT were decreased significantly in patients, indicating reduced physical fitness in MDD as compared with control subjects. A single exercise exhaustion significantly improved mood in patients, but not in controls. Mood improvement in patients correlated with maximum lactate levels. Significantly reduced HRR values in patients further point to an elevated cardiovascular risk profile and autonomic dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate reduced physical fitness in patients with MDD. Thus, special training programs should be developed to improve their cardiovascular risk profile. In addition, the intriguing finding of a correlation between lactate levels and mood changes should be followed up in future studies to unravel putative mechanisms. |
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Authors:
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Silke Boettger; Franziska Wetzig; Christian Puta; Lars Donath; Hans-Josef Müller; Holger H W Gabriel; Karl-Jürgen Bär |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2009-05-04 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Psychosomatic medicine Volume: 71 ISSN: 1534-7796 ISO Abbreviation: Psychosom Med Publication Date: 2009 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-06-16 Completed Date: 2009-07-16 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376505 Medline TA: Psychosom Med Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 519-23 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Anaerobic Threshold Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / epidemiology, physiopathology Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology, etiology Depressive Disorder, Major / diagnosis, physiopathology* Exercise / physiology Exercise Test Exercise Tolerance Heart Rate / physiology* Humans Male Metabolic Syndrome X / epidemiology, physiopathology Oxygen Consumption Personality Inventory Physical Fitness / physiology* Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Risk Factors |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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