| Physical chemistry of the lipids of human atherosclerotic lesions. Demonstration of a lesion intermediate between fatty streaks and advanced plaques. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 932206 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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95 individual human atherosclerotic lesions from 26 persons were classified into three groups under the dissecting microscope: fatty streaks, fibrous plaques, and gruel (atheromatous) plaques. Each lesion was isolated by microdissection, its lipid composition determined by chromatography, and the physical states of the lipids identified by polarizing microscopy and in some cases by X-ray diffraction. The composition of each lesion was plotted on the in vitro phase diagram of the major lipids of plaques: cholesterol, cholesterol ester, and phospholipid. The observed physical states were compared with those predicted by the location of the lipid composition on the phase diagram. The most severe lesions (gruel plaques) had an average lipid composition of cholesterol 31.5+/-1.9%, cholesterol ester 47.2+/-2.3%, and phospholipid 15.3+/-0.5%. Their compositions fell within the three-phase zone of the phase diagram, predicting the lipids to be separated into a cholesterol crystal phase, a cholesterol ester oily phase and a phospholipid liquid crystalline phase. In addition to the phospholipid liquid crystalline phase of membranes and myelin-like figures demonstrable by electron microscopy, polarizing microscopy revealed the other two predicted phases, isotropic cholesterol ester-rich droplets and cholesterol crystals. X-ray diffraction studies verified the identity of the crystals as cholesterol monohydrate. Fibrous plaques also had an average lipid composition within the three-phase zone of the phase diagram. Polarizing microscopy revealed the presence of cholesterol monohydrate crystals and lipid droplets in all of these lesions; the droplets were predominately isotropic in 28 of the 31 fibrous plaques. Although these lesions had less free cholesterol and more cholesterol ester than gruel plaques, they were otherwise similar. Fatty streaks had compositions within both the two- and three-phase zones of the phase diagram. Compared with gruel plaques, the fatty streaks within the two-phase zone, defined as "ordinary," had more cholesterol ester, less free cholesterol, a higher cholesteryl oleate/cholesteryl linoleate ratio, a lower sphingomyelin/lecithin ratio, more anisotropic lipid droplets, and rare or no cholesterol crystals. Those lesions within the three-phase zone had many chemical and physical features intermediate between ordinary fatty streaks and gruel plaques. Moreover, 68% of these "intermediate" lesions had no cholesterol crystals by polarizing microscopy in spite of their compositions being within the three-phase zone, indicating the cholesterol ester oily phase or the phospholipid phase or both were supersaturated with cholesterol. Identification of this group of intermediate lesions provides evidence that some fatty streaks may be precursors of advanced plaques. |
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Authors:
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S S Katz; G G Shipley; D M Small |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of clinical investigation Volume: 58 ISSN: 0021-9738 ISO Abbreviation: J. Clin. Invest. Publication Date: 1976 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1976-08-23 Completed Date: 1976-08-23 Revised Date: 2009-11-18 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7802877 Medline TA: J Clin Invest Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 200-11 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Aged Arteriosclerosis / metabolism*, pathology Chemistry, Physical Cholesterol / analysis Cholesterol Esters / analysis Chromatography, Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Thin Layer Female Humans Lipids / analysis* Male Microchemistry Microscopy, Polarization Middle Aged Necrosis Phospholipids / analysis Physicochemical Phenomena X-Ray Diffraction |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Cholesterol Esters; 0/Lipids; 0/Phospholipids; 57-88-5/Cholesterol |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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