| Pharmaceuticals as neuroendocrine disruptors: lessons learned from fish on prozac. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21790318 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Pharmaceuticals are increasingly detected in a variety of aquatic systems. One of the most prevalent environmental pharmaceuticals in North America and Europe is the antidepressant fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and the active ingredient of Prozac. Usually detected in the range below 1 μg/L, fluoxetine and its active metabolite norfluoxetine are found to bioaccumulate in wild-caught fish, particularly in the brain. This has raised concerns over potential disruptive effects of neuroendocrine function in teleost fish, because of the known role of serotonin (5-HT) in the modulation of diverse physiological processes such as reproduction, food intake and growth, stress and multiple behaviors. This review describes the evolutionary conservation of the 5-HT transporter (the therapeutic target of SSRIs) and reviews the disruptive effects of fluoxetine on several physiological endpoints, including involvement of neuroendocrine mechanisms. Studies on the goldfish, Carassius auratus, whose neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction and food intake are well characterized, are described and represent a reliable model to study neuroendocrine disruption. In addition, fish studies investigating the effects of fluoxetine, not only on reproduction and food intake, but also on stress and behavior, are discussed to complement the emerging picture of neuroendocrine disruption of physiological systems in fish exposed to fluoxetine. Environmental relevance and key lessons learned from the effects of the antidepressant fluoxetine on fish are highlighted and may be helpful in designing targeted approaches for future risk assessments of pharmaceuticals disrupting the neuroendocrine system in general. |
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Authors:
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Jan A Mennigen; Pamela Stroud; Jake M Zamora; Thomas W Moon; Vance L Trudeau |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews Volume: 14 ISSN: 1521-6950 ISO Abbreviation: J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev Publication Date: 2011 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-07-27 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9802627 Medline TA: J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 387-412 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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a Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics and Department of Biology , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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