| Percutaneous absorption of topical parathion through porcine skin: in vitro studies on the effect of environmental perturbations. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 7707488 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Topical use of pesticides in domestic animals such as swine is a common practice; however, the effect of environmental factors on the extent of absorption has not received attention. Since no single factor can exert its effects alone in the natural environment, the interaction of environmental factors on the percutaneous absorption of pesticides must be understood before potential toxicity of dermal absorption of pesticides can be effectively estimated. In the present studies, the effects of air temperature (Ta), perfusate temperature (Tp), perfusate flow (F) and relative humidity (%RH) on absorption of parathion were studied in vitro in porcine skin. Parathion absorption was determined by measuring radiolabel appearing in the perfusate over time. Three main environmental parameters were found to have a significant effect on parathion penetration. Increasing Ta from 37 degrees C to 42 degrees C, %RH from 60% to 90% or F from 4 ml/h to 8 ml/h each produced a significant increase in penetration. The following significantly positive two-way interactions among test parameters were seen: Ta x F and %RH x F at the 4 micrograms dose, %RH x F at the 40 micrograms dose and Ta x %RH, Ta x F and %RH x F at the 400 micrograms dose. There were no three-way interactions at any of the three doses tested. These results suggest that the factors tested are not independent variables and must be considered interactive when used in assessing pesticide percutaneous absorption. |
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Authors:
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S K Chang; C Brownie; J E Riviere |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Volume: 17 ISSN: 0140-7783 ISO Abbreviation: J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. Publication Date: 1994 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1995-05-09 Completed Date: 1995-05-09 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7910920 Medline TA: J Vet Pharmacol Ther Country: ENGLAND |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 434-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Cutaneous Pharmacology and Toxicology Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Environment Female Humidity Models, Statistical Parathion / metabolism*, toxicity Skin / metabolism* Skin Absorption* Swine / metabolism* Temperature |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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ES00044/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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56-38-2/Parathion |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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