Document Detail


Pentobarbital therapy for intracranial hypertension in metabolic coma. Reye's syndrome.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  639524     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
In severe Reye's syndrome, with nonspecific intensive supportive therapy, the mortality rate approaches 75%. In many instances, death is due to uncontrolled cerebral edema and elevated intracranial pressure. (ICP). Pentobarbital therapy, sufficient to maintain a blood barbiturate level between 2.5 mg% and 4.0 mg%, was used to control ICP in seven patients with metabolic coma complicated by intracranial hypertension (intracranial pressure greater than 30 mm Hg for 30 min). The nadir of their neurological function was characterized by no response to deep pain, absent or abnormal oculocephalic responses, bilaterally dilated, unreactive pupils, and markedly irregular or absent respirations. Before barbiturate administration hyperventilation, steroids, mannitol, and other supportive therapies commonly used in Reye's syndrome were begun. After institution of pentobarbital therapy, the daily mannitol dose required to maintain the intracranial pressure below 20 mm Hg was significantly reduced (p less than 0.001), from 3.7 +/- 0.3 to 0.5 +/- 0.2 g/kg/day. All the patients survived, and six have no obvious neurological sequelae. Pentobarbital is a useful adjunct for intracranial pressure control in advanced metabolic coma.
Authors:
L F Marshall; H M Shapiro; A Rauscher; N M Kaufman
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Case Reports; Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Critical care medicine     Volume:  6     ISSN:  0090-3493     ISO Abbreviation:  Crit. Care Med.     Publication Date:    1978 Jan-Feb
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1978-06-17     Completed Date:  1978-06-17     Revised Date:  2004-11-17    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0355501     Medline TA:  Crit Care Med     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1-5     Citation Subset:  IM    
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adolescent
Barbiturates / blood
Brain Edema / drug therapy*
Critical Care
Female
Humans
Intracranial Pressure / drug effects
Mannitol / administration & dosage
Pentobarbital / therapeutic use*
Reye Syndrome / complications*,  mortality
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Barbiturates; 69-65-8/Mannitol; 76-74-4/Pentobarbital

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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