| Pathophysiological concepts of stroke in hemodynamic risk zones--do hypoperfusion and embolism interact? | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18301413 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia in the borderzones between the large cerebral arteries has been the topic of considerable debate since this disease entity was defined in the first half of the twentieth century. Hemodynamic failure and microembolization were two seemingly mutually exclusive pathophysiological concepts that were proposed to explain the phenomenon of borderzone infarction in patients with arterial occlusive disease. Sufficient evidence has now accumulated, however, to indicate that borderzone infarcts are in fact caused by an interaction between hypoperfusion and microembolization. In this Review, we summarize the historical background of borderzone infarction and current knowledge regarding the various possible pathophysiological concepts. We present a representative survey of publications from the 1950s to the present day, starting with early autopsy-based studies, followed by later anatomical and in vitro studies, as well as CT-based and MRI-based investigations. The clinical symptoms of borderzone infarction and the possibility of a clinical distinction between borderzone and territorial infarcts are discussed. In addition, we consider techniques to localize hemodynamic risk zones in patients with arterial occlusive disease, such as perfusion-weighted MRI, and techniques to identify a hemodynamic component of stroke, such as investigation of the cerebrovascular reserve capacity with transcranial Doppler ultrasound. |
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Authors:
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Alex Förster; Kristina Szabo; Michael G Hennerici |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review Date: 2008-02-26 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Nature clinical practice. Neurology Volume: 4 ISSN: 1745-8358 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2008 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-04-04 Completed Date: 2008-08-04 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101261799 Medline TA: Nat Clin Pract Neurol Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 216-25 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, at the Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Cerebral Infarction
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physiopathology Cerebrovascular Circulation / physiology* Embolism / physiopathology* Hemodynamics / physiology* Humans Risk Factors Stroke / physiopathology* |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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