| Pathogenic implications of iron accumulation in multiple sclerosis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22004421 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Iron, an essential element used for a multitude of biochemical reactions, abnormally accumulates in the CNS of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The mechanisms of abnormal iron deposition in MS are not fully understood, nor do we know whether these deposits have adverse consequences, that is, contribute to pathogenesis. With some exceptions, excess levels of iron are represented concomitantly in multiple deep gray matter structures often with bilateral representation, whereas in white matter, pathological iron deposits are usually located at sites of inflammation that are associated with veins. These distinct spatial patterns suggest disparate mechanisms of iron accumulation between these regions. Iron has been postulated to promote disease activity in MS by various means: (i) iron can amplify the activated state of microglia resulting in the increased production of proinflammatory mediators; (ii) excess intracellular iron deposits could promote mitochondria dysfunction; and (iii) improperly managed iron could catalyze the production of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS). The pathological consequences of abnormal iron deposits may be dependent on the affected brain region and/or accumulation process. Here, we review putative mechanisms of enhanced iron uptake in MS and address the likely roles of iron in the pathogenesis of this disease. |
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Authors:
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Rachel Williams; Cassandra L Buchheit; Nancy E J Berman; Steven M LeVine |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2011-11-11 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of neurochemistry Volume: 120 ISSN: 1471-4159 ISO Abbreviation: J. Neurochem. Publication Date: 2012 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-12-15 Completed Date: 2012-02-06 Revised Date: 2012-05-16 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 2985190R Medline TA: J Neurochem Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 7-25 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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© 2011 The Authors. Journal of Neurochemistry © 2011 International Society for Neurochemistry. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Blood Vessels / metabolism Brain Chemistry / physiology Disease Models, Animal Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / metabolism Glutamic Acid / physiology Humans Iron / metabolism* Iron, Dietary / metabolism Macrophages / metabolism Magnetic Resonance Imaging Microglia / metabolism Multiple Sclerosis / metabolism* Neurodegenerative Diseases / metabolism, physiopathology Neurotoxins / toxicity |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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HD002528/HD/NICHD NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Iron, Dietary; 0/Neurotoxins; 56-86-0/Glutamic Acid; 7439-89-6/Iron |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Erratum In:
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J Neurochem. 2012 Apr;121(2):326 |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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