| Particulate air pollution as a predictor of mortality in a prospective study of U.S. adults. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 7881654 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Time-series, cross-sectional, and prospective cohort studies have observed associations between mortality and particulate air pollution but have been limited by ecologic design or small number of subjects or study areas. The present study evaluates effects of particulate air pollution on mortality using data from a large cohort drawn from many study areas. We linked ambient air pollution data from 151 U.S. metropolitan areas in 1980 with individual risk factor on 552,138 adults who resided in these areas when enrolled in a prospective study in 1982. Deaths were ascertained through December, 1989. Exposure to sulfate and fine particulate air pollution, which is primarily from fossil fuel combustion, was estimated from national data bases. The relationships of air pollution to all-cause, lung cancer, and cardiopulmonary mortality was examined using multivariate analysis which controlled for smoking, education, and other risk factors. Although small compared with cigarette smoking, an association between mortality and particulate air pollution was observed. Adjusted relative risk ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) of all-cause mortality for the most polluted areas compared with the least polluted equaled 1.15 (1.09 to 1.22) and 1.17 (1.09 to 1.26) when using sulfate and fine particulate measures respectively. Particulate air pollution was associated with cardiopulmonary and lung cancer mortality but not with mortality due to other causes. Increased mortality is associated with sulfate and fine particulate air pollution at levels commonly found in U.S. cities. The increase in risk is not attributable to tobacco smoking, although other unmeasured correlates of pollution cannot be excluded with certainty. |
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Authors:
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C A Pope; M J Thun; M M Namboodiri; D W Dockery; J S Evans; F E Speizer; C W Heath |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine Volume: 151 ISSN: 1073-449X ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. Publication Date: 1995 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1995-04-07 Completed Date: 1995-04-07 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9421642 Medline TA: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 669-74 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Air Pollutants
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adverse effects* Air Pollution / adverse effects* Cause of Death Cohort Studies Female Heart Diseases / mortality Humans Lung Diseases / mortality Lung Neoplasms / mortality Male Middle Aged Mortality* Odds Ratio Proportional Hazards Models Prospective Studies Risk Factors Smoking / mortality United States / epidemiology |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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ES-00002/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS; ES-01108/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Air Pollutants |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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