Document Detail


Paclitaxel-induced modification of the effects of radiation and alterations in the cell cycle in normal and tumor mammalian cells.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  9728657     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The cytotoxicity of paclitaxel (taxol) is associated mainly with block in G2/M phase, the most radiosensitive phase of the cell cycle. Nevertheless, taxol-induced modification of the effects of radiation may vary from clear sensitization to subadditivity. Therefore, this effect was studied in relation to drug-induced alterations in the distribution of cells in the phases of the cell cycle in tumor cells (EMT-6 and OV-1063) and normal skin fibroblasts. Cell survival was evaluated with two colorimetric assays. The cell cycle was evaluated by FACS analysis of doubly-labeled cells. The radiosensitivity of the different cells studied was similar, apart from the less radiosensitive human fibroblasts. However, their dose- and time-dependent sensitivity to taxol varied significantly. After 24 h exposure of EMT-6 cells to taxol (IC50 approximately 20 nM), the fraction of cells in G2/M phase increased, the fraction in S phase decreased, and the proportion of possibly apoptotic cells with subdiploid and subtetraploid DNA content increased; this coincided with radiosensitization. In OV-1063 cells (IC50 approximately 3 nM), the drug-induced G2/M-phase block was most pronounced, but the combined effect with radiation was merely additive. In human fibroblasts (IC50 approximately 35 nM), a minimal G2/M-phase block with no change in the S phase and a massive elevation of apoptotic cells with subdiploid DNA content was accompanied by a subadditive combined effect with radiation. Six hours of exposure to taxol increased the fraction of cells in S phase in both nonsynchronized and S-phase-synchronized human fibroblasts (G1 phase approximately 65%, S phase approximately 13%). This was accompanied by a pronounced subadditive effect of the combined treatment. However, in G1-phase synchronized human fibroblasts (G1 phase > or =90%, S phase approximately 3%), only the fraction of cells in G2/M phase was slightly elevated, with a merely additive response to the combined treatment. The differences in the response to the combined treatment between slowly and rapidly proliferating cells in relation to modifications in the cell cycle are discussed.
Authors:
R Gorodetsky; L Levdansky; I Ringel; A Vexler
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Radiation research     Volume:  150     ISSN:  0033-7587     ISO Abbreviation:  Radiat. Res.     Publication Date:  1998 Sep 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1998-09-10     Completed Date:  1998-09-10     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0401245     Medline TA:  Radiat Res     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  283-91     Citation Subset:  IM; S    
Affiliation:
Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
Cell Cycle / radiation effects*
Cell Division / drug effects,  radiation effects
Cell Survival / drug effects,  radiation effects
Cells, Cultured / drug effects,  radiation effects
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
Fibroblasts / drug effects,  radiation effects
Humans
Interphase / drug effects,  radiation effects
Mice
Paclitaxel / pharmacology*
Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / pharmacology*
S Phase / drug effects,  radiation effects
Time Factors
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; 0/Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; 33069-62-4/Paclitaxel

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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