| Pacemaker leads: performance and progress. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 10089864 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Pacing leads remain the "weaker link" of the permanent pacing system. Lead failure has been an issue since the beginning of implantable pacemaker therapy. Modern electronics have brought about considerable progress in pacing technology, but lead design has been slower to evolve and problems persist. IS-1 standardization must be considered a significant advance, but some issues regarding IS-1 standardization persist and have been the cause of some compatibility problems. With respect to lead insulation, silicone has proved to offer total reliability for > 30 years. In the search for better handling characteristics, polyurethane 80A was employed for bipolar leads, but it failed to demonstrate satisfactory insulating properties. New insulation materials, such as ethylene-fluoro-ethylene (ETFE), and coated wire technology look promising, having shown 99.32% survival at 5-year follow-up. Reliability is the main objective in lead design, but leads should provide low battery consumption as well. Low coil resistance, with high electrode impedance in steroid-eluting leads, is the standard at present. Low polarization is a desirable property for 2 main reasons: (1) in conjunction with low-threshold leads, it decreases battery consumption; and (2) it allows capture detection and, therefore, safer pacing at low battery consumption. Lead tip design as well as pacing pulse configuration can influence polarization. |
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Authors:
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W G de Voogt |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The American journal of cardiology Volume: 83 ISSN: 0002-9149 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Cardiol. Publication Date: 1999 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1999-04-07 Completed Date: 1999-04-07 Revised Date: 2005-11-16 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0207277 Medline TA: Am J Cardiol Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 187D-191D Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Saint Lucas Andreas Hospital Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Electrocardiography
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instrumentation Electrodes, Implanted* Equipment Design Equipment Failure Analysis Humans Pacemaker, Artificial* |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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