Document Detail


Orientation selectivity of motion-boundary responses in human visual cortex.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20861432     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Motion boundaries (local changes in visual motion direction) arise naturally when objects move relative to an observer. In human visual cortex, neuroimaging studies have identified a region (the kinetic occipital area [KO]) that responds more strongly to motion-boundary stimuli than to transparent-motion stimuli. However, some functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies suggest that KO may encompass multiple visual areas and single-unit studies in macaque visual cortex have identified neurons selective for motion-boundary orientation in areas V2, V3, and V4, implying that motion-boundary selectivity may not be restricted to a single area. It is not known whether fMRI responses to motion boundaries are selective for motion-boundary orientation, as would be expected if these responses reflected the population activity of motion-boundary-selective neurons. We used an event-related fMRI adaptation protocol to measure orientation-selective responses to motion boundaries in human visual cortex. On each trial, we measured the response to a probe stimulus presented after an adapter stimulus (a vertical or horizontal motion-boundary grating). The probe stimulus was either a motion-boundary grating oriented parallel or orthogonal to the adapter stimulus or a transparent-motion stimulus. Orientation-selective adaptation for motion boundaries--smaller responses for trials in which test and adapter stimuli were parallel to each other--was observed in multiple extrastriate visual areas. The strongest adaptation, relative to the unadapted responses, was found in V3A, V3B, LO1, LO2, and V7. Most of the visual areas that exhibited orientation-selective adaptation in our data also showed response preference for motion boundaries over transparent motion, indicating that most of the human visual areas previously shown to respond to motion boundaries are also selective for motion-boundary orientation. These results suggest that neurons selective for motion-boundary orientation are distributed across multiple human visual cortical areas and argue against the existence of a single region or area specialized for motion-boundary processing.
Authors:
Jonas Larsson; David J Heeger; Michael S Landy
Publication Detail:
Type:  Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural     Date:  2010-09-22
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of neurophysiology     Volume:  104     ISSN:  1522-1598     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Neurophysiol.     Publication Date:  2010 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-12-16     Completed Date:  2011-05-09     Revised Date:  2011-12-21    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0375404     Medline TA:  J Neurophysiol     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  2940-50     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK. jonas.larsson@rhul.ac.uk
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adaptation, Physiological / physiology
Adult
Animals
Cerebrovascular Circulation
Echo-Planar Imaging / methods
Feedback, Psychological
Humans
Macaca / physiology
Middle Aged
Models, Neurological
Motion Perception / physiology*
Photic Stimulation
Space Perception
Species Specificity
Visual Cortex / blood supply,  physiology*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
R01-EY-016165/EY/NEI NIH HHS

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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