| Oral Nitrate Reductase Activity and Erosive Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease: A Nitrate Hypothesis for GERD Pathogenesis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21881975 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Despite the rich literature on GERD, its cause and reason for increased prevalence remain obscure. Currently accepted mechanisms leave many questions unanswered. Nitrite chemistry at the GEJ is well described for carcinogenesis. Recent epidemiological and animal data have linked nitrates to GERD. "Nitrate reductase" of oral bacteria converts nitrates to nitrites. We hypothesized that nitrate reductase activity is higher in patients with erosive GERD, delivering more nitrite at the gastroesophageal-junction for a given nitrate intake. AIM: To compare oral nitrate reductase activity of erosive GERD patients with controls. METHODS: Patients with erosive GERD and controls without GERD were enrolled. After overnight fasting, nitrite of oral cavity contents was measured at 1-min intervals for 3 min while incubating a 10-mg nitrate-N/L solution in the mouth. Nitrate reductase activity was calculated and compared between groups. RESULTS: Eleven cases (ten males, mean age: 42.6 ± 11.7 year) and ten controls (eight males, mean age: 37.6 ± 9.2 year) were enrolled. Mean nitrate reductase activity was 3.23 ± 0.99 vs. 2.30 ± 0.83 "μg nitrite-N formed/person/minute" in cases and controls, respectively (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Oral nitrate reductase activity in erosive GERD patients is higher than controls. Therefore, any dietary nitrate load generates more nitrite in these patients. This excess nitrite at the gastroesophageal junction, may potentially contribute to the development of GERD. This is the first report linking oral nitrite production to erosive GERD in man. We suggest that a "nitrate hypothesis" may answer yet unanswered questions about GERD pathogenesis. If confirmed, it may change our understanding of mechanisms of GERD and provide novel therapeutic targets. |
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Authors:
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Siavosh Nasseri-Moghaddam; Habibeh Nokhbeh-Zaeem; Parastoo Saniee; Shahrzad Pedramnia; Masoud Sotoudeh; Reza Malekzadeh |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-9-1 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Digestive diseases and sciences Volume: - ISSN: 1573-2568 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-9-1 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7902782 Medline TA: Dig Dis Sci Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, North-Kargar Ave., Tehran, 14117, Iran, sianasseri@yahoo.com. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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