| Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: Nutrition or pharmacology? | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 22765297 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are n-3 fatty acids found in oily fish and fish oil supplements. These fatty acids are able to partly inhibit a number of aspects of inflammation including leukocyte chemotaxis, adhesion molecule expression and leukocyte-endothelial adhesive interactions, production of eicosanoids like prostaglandins and leukotrienes from the n-6 fatty acid arachidonic acid, production of inflammatory cytokines, and T cell reactivity. In parallel, EPA gives rise to eicosanoids that often have lower biological potency than those produced from arachidonioc acid and EPA and DHA give rise to anti-inflammatory and inflammation resolving resolvins and protectins. Mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory actions of n-3 fatty acids include altered cell membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition, disruption of lipid rafts, inhibition of activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B so reducing expression of inflammatory genes, activation of the anti-inflammatory transcription factor NR1C3 (i.e. peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ?, and binding to the G protein coupled receptor GPR120. These mechanisms are interlinked. In adult humans, an EPA plus DHA intake greater than 2 g per day seems to be required to elicit anti-inflammatory actions, but few dose finding studies have been performed. Animal models demonstrate benefit from n-3 fatty acids in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and asthma. Clinical trials of fish oil in patients with RA demonstrate benefit supported by meta-analyses of the data. Clinical trails of fish oil in patients with IBD and asthma are inconsistent with no overall clear evidence of efficacy. |
| | |
Authors:
|
Philip C Calder |
Related Documents
:
|
3306237 - Metabolism in humans of cis-12,trans-15-octadecadienoic acid relative to palmitic, stea... 11710807 - Palmitic and stearic acids bind ca2+ with high affinity and form nonspecific channels i... 8499607 - Unsaturated fatty acids induce inhibition of the a1-adenosine receptor in rat brain mem... 8355587 - The esterified plasma fatty acid profile is altered in early hiv-1 infection. 9465967 - Effects of carbontetrachloride and chenodeoxycholic acid on hepatic monooxygenase syste... 11807767 - Production of chiral r-3-hydroxyalkanoic acids and r-3-hydroxyalkanoic acid methylester... |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-7-6 |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: British journal of clinical pharmacology Volume: - ISSN: 1365-2125 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Jul |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 2012-7-6 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 7503323 Medline TA: Br J Clin Pharmacol Country: - |
Other Details:
|
Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
|
© 2012 The Authors. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology © 2012 The British Pharmacological Society. |
Affiliation:
|
Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, IDS Building, MP887 Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom. |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
|
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: Synthesis of Multilayer Graphene Balls by Carbon Segregation from Nickel Nanoparticles.
Next Document: Pressure-temperature stability, Ca2+-binding and p-T phase diagram of cod parvalbumin: Gad m 1.