| Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Physical Performance Optimization. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22952190 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Increased muscle oxidative stress and inflammatory responses among athletes and has been reported consistently. In addition, it is well known that exhaustive and/or unaccustomed exercise can lead to muscle fatigue, delayed onset muscle soreness, and a decrement in performance. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to decrease the production of inflammatory eicosanoids, cytokines and reactive oxygen species, possess immunomodulatory effects, and to attenuate inflammatory diseases. While a number of studies have assessed the efficacy of omega-3 PUFA supplementation on red blood cell deformability, muscle damage, inflammation, and metabolism during exercise, only a few studies have evaluated the impact of omega-3 PUFA supplementation on exercise performance. It has been suggested that the ingestion of EPA and DHA of approximately 1-2 g per day, at a ratio of EPA to DHA of 2:1, may be beneficial in counteracting exercise-induced inflammation and for the overall health of an athlete. However, the human data is inconclusive as to whether omega-3 PUFA supplementation, at this dosage, is effective in attenuating the inflammatory and immunomodulatory response to exercise, and improve exercise performance. Thus, attempts should be made to establish an optimal omega-3 fatty acid dosage to maximise the risk/reward ratio of supplementation. It should be noted that high omega-3 PUFA consumption may lead to immunosuppression and prolong bleeding time. Future studies investigating the efficacy of omega-3 PUFA supplementation in exercise-trained individuals should consider using an exercise protocol of sufficient duration and intensity in order to produce a more robust oxidative and inflammatory response. |
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Authors:
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Timothy D Mickleborough |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-9-4 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism Volume: - ISSN: 1543-2742 ISO Abbreviation: Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab Publication Date: 2012 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-9-6 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100939812 Medline TA: Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Human Performance and Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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