| Ocular manifestations of systemic disease: toxoplasmosis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 23047172 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide an overview of ocular toxoplasmosis, the leading cause of infectious posterior uveitis, focusing on recent trends of disease epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy and prevention. RECENT FINDINGS: Novel aspects of epidemiology, including growing importance of water transmission are discussed. The historical controversy of congenital versus postnatally acquired toxoplasmosis is revisited. Recent insights into pathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis are also reviewed, tipping the delicate balance between parasite virulence and host immunity. Diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis is also discussed in the light of serological, molecular and imaging tools. Finally, a critical analysis of current and emerging therapies for ocular toxoplasmosis is made. Preventive aspects are also commented upon. SUMMARY: Waterborne toxoplasmosis is increasingly recognized in outbreaks and in endemic areas. The importance of postnatally acquired toxoplasmosis is now well established, but should not lead to underestimation of congenital disease. Genetic determination of parasite virulence/individual susceptibility might correlate with disease outcomes. Serological, molecular and imaging tools may improve the diagnosis and follow-up of individuals with ocular toxoplasmosis. Despite emergence of alternative therapeutic regimens, including intravitreal antibiotics, classical therapy with sulfadiazine/pyrimethamine is still standard for toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. Adequate prophylaxis is expected to have an effect in ocular burden of toxoplasmosis. |
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Authors:
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Daniel V Vasconcelos-Santos |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Current opinion in ophthalmology Volume: 23 ISSN: 1531-7021 ISO Abbreviation: Curr Opin Ophthalmol Publication Date: 2012 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-10-10 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9011108 Medline TA: Curr Opin Ophthalmol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 543-50 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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aUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais bCentro Brasileiro de Ciências Visuais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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