| Occurrence of cocaine in urine of substance-abuse treatment patients. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 9847008 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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As part of ongoing research efforts to improve methods of monitoring drug use in treatment patients, the presence of cocaine in urine specimens was evaluated as a possible marker for recent illicit cocaine use. A total of 2327 urine specimens collected during a 17-week clinical trial of a cocaine-abuse treatment study were tested. Cocaine was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and benzoylecgonine (BZE) equivalents were determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). More than one-third of the specimens were positive (> 25 ng/mL) for cocaine (36.8%), and nearly two-thirds were positive (> 300 ng/mL) for cocaine metabolite by FPIA (62.7%). Median concentrations of cocaine and BZE equivalents were 235 and 14,900 ng/mL, respectively, and maximum concentrations were 112,025 and 1,101,190 ng/mL in cocaine- and BZE-positive specimens, respectively. There were 52 specimens that contained cocaine in equal or higher concentrations than BZE equivalents. No significant differences in cocaine or BZE concentrations between Caucasian and African-American or between male and female patients were found. Cocaine was present less frequently and at lower concentrations than BZE but more frequently than expected based on an average half-life of approximately 1 h, which suggests that cocaine may exhibit a longer terminal half-life and/or that accumulation of cocaine can occur in chronic, heavy users. |
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Authors:
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K L Preston; B A Goldberger; E J Cone |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of analytical toxicology Volume: 22 ISSN: 0146-4760 ISO Abbreviation: J Anal Toxicol Publication Date: 1998 Nov-Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1999-03-24 Completed Date: 1999-03-24 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7705085 Medline TA: J Anal Toxicol Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 580-6 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Adult African Americans Aged Cocaine / urine* European Continental Ancestry Group Female Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Humans Male Middle Aged Sex Factors Substance Abuse Detection Substance Abuse Treatment Centers Substance-Related Disorders / urine* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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50-36-2/Cocaine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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