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Obesity improves myocardial ischaemic tolerance and RISK signalling in insulin-insensitive rats.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  23161371     Owner:  NLM     Status:  Publisher    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Obesity with associated metabolic disturbances worsens ischaemic heart disease outcomes, and rodent studies confirm obesity with insulin-resistance impairs myocardial resistance to ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. However, effects of obesity per se are unclear, with some evidence for paradoxic cardioprotection (particularly in older subjects). We tested the impact of dietary obesity on I-R tolerance and reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) signalling in hearts from middle-aged (10 month) insulin-insensitive rats. Hearts from Wistar rats on 32 week control (CD) or high carbohydrate obesogenic (OB) diets were assessed for I-R resistance in vivo (45 min left anterior descending artery occlusion/120 min reperfusion) and ex vivo (25 min ischemia/60 min reperfusion), with expression and δ-opioid receptor (δ-OR) phospho-regulation of pro-survival (Akt/PKB, Erk1/2, eNOS) and pro-injury (GSK3β) enzymes also examined. OB rats were heavier (764±25 vs. 657±22 g for CD; P<0.05), hyperleptinaemic (11.1±0.7 vs. 5.0±0.7; P<0.01), and comparably insulin-insensitive (HOMA-IR = 63.2±3.3 vs. 63.2±1.6 for CD). In vivo infarction was more than halved in OB (20±3%) vs. CD rats (45±6% P<0.05), as was post-ischaemic LDH efflux (0.4±0.3 mU/ml vs. 5.6±0.5 mU/ml; P<0.02) and ex vivo contractile dysfunction (62±2% vs. 44±6% recovery of ventricular force; P<0.05). OB hearts exhibited up to 60% higher Akt expression, with increased phosphorylation of eNOS (+100%), GSK3ß (+45%), and Erk1/2 (+15%). Pre-ischaemic δ-OR agonism (1 µM BW373U86) improved recoveries in CD hearts in association with phosphorylation of Akt (+40%), eNOS (+75%) and GSK3ß (+30%), yet failed to further enhance RISK/NOS activation or I-R outcomes in OB hearts. In summary, dietary obesity in the context of age-related insulin-insensitivity paradoxically improves myocardial I-R tolerance, in association with moderate hyperleptinaemic and enhanced RISK expression and phospho-regulation. However, OB hearts are resistant to further RISK modulation and cardioprotection via acute δ-OR agonism.
Authors:
Daniel G Donner; John P Headrick; Jason N Peart; Eugene F Du Toit
Publication Detail:
Type:  JOURNAL ARTICLE     Date:  2012-11-16
Journal Detail:
Title:  Disease models & mechanisms     Volume:  -     ISSN:  1754-8411     ISO Abbreviation:  Dis Model Mech     Publication Date:  2012 Nov 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2012-11-19     Completed Date:  -     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  101483332     Medline TA:  Dis Model Mech     Country:  -    
Other Details:
Languages:  ENG     Pagination:  -     Citation Subset:  -    
Affiliation:
Griffith University , QLD, Australia;
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