Document Detail


Obesity, diabetes mellitus, and liver fibrosis.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  21350183     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Obesity is a global epidemic with more than 1 billion overweight adults and at least 300 million obese patients worldwide. Diabetes is characterized by a defect in insulin secretion or a decrease in sensitivity to insulin, which results in elevated fasting blood glucose. Both obesity and elevated fasting glucose are risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, a disease spectrum that includes hepatic steatosis (nonalcoholic fatty liver), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Increased adiposity and insulin resistance contribute to the progression from NASH to fibrosis through the development of a profibrotic mileau in the liver, including increased hepatocellular death, increased reactive oxygen species generation, and an altered adipokine/cytokine balance. This review will summarize recent advances in our understanding of the pathological interactions among excessive fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and hepatic fibrogenesis and discuss specific molecular pathways that may be of interest in the development of therapeutic interventions to prevent and/or reverse hepatic fibrosis.
Authors:
Dian J Chiang; Michele T Pritchard; Laura E Nagy
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review     Date:  2011-02-24
Journal Detail:
Title:  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology     Volume:  300     ISSN:  1522-1547     ISO Abbreviation:  Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.     Publication Date:  2011 May 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2011-04-28     Completed Date:  2011-06-28     Revised Date:  2012-05-01    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  100901227     Medline TA:  Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  G697-702     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, OH 44195, USA. chiangd@ccf.org
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use
Animals
Diabetes Complications / pathology*
Diabetes Mellitus / pathology*
Extracellular Matrix / pathology
Fatty Liver / complications,  pathology
Humans
Liver Cirrhosis / complications*,  pathology
Obesity / complications*,  pathology
Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
AA-017918/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS; R01AA-11876/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS; R01AA-11975/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; 0/Reactive Oxygen Species

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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