| Obesity affects the liver - the link between adipocytes and hepatocytes. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21042023 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The incidence of obesity has dramatically increased in recent years. Consequently, obesity and associated disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) constitute a serious threat. Therefore, the contribution of visceral adipose tissue to metabolic homeostasis has become a focus of interest. Visceral adipose tissue secretes free fatty acids (FFAs) and hormones, known as adipokines, and thus seems to play a major role in the development of NAFLD. Apoptotic cell death is a prominent feature in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Indeed, toxic FFAs can activate the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in hepatocytes via c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). JNK activates the proapoptotic protein Bim, resulting in Bax activation and enhanced apoptosis, termed 'lipoapoptosis'. Reduced adiponectin levels may establish a proinflammatory milieu, thus increasing vulnerability to lipotoxicity, which promotes progression from simple steatosis to NASH and even advanced hepatic fibrosis. Moreover, obesity seems to be a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma, the most frequent liver cancer subtype. Even in acute liver failure, a high body mass index is associated with poor outcome, and recent data suggest a major role of obesity in the progression of chronic hepatitis C and B. This review summarizes current knowledge - highlighting the inflammatory and cytokine view - of the intimate relationship between adipose and liver tissue. |
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Authors:
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Alexander Wree; Alisan Kahraman; Guido Gerken; Ali Canbay |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review Date: 2010-11-01 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Digestion Volume: 83 ISSN: 1421-9867 ISO Abbreviation: Digestion Publication Date: 2011 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-11-22 Completed Date: 2011-03-31 Revised Date: 2011-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0150472 Medline TA: Digestion Country: Switzerland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 124-33 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Clinic Essen, Essen, Germany. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adipocytes* Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / epidemiology Fatty Liver / complications, pathology Hepatitis C, Chronic / complications Hepatocytes* Humans Intra-Abdominal Fat / pathology* Liver Failure, Acute / complications Liver Neoplasms / epidemiology Obesity / complications*, pathology |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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Digestion. 2011;84(3):185-6
[PMID:
21625138
]
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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