| Nutritional manipulation of primate retinas, V: effects of lutein, zeaxanthin, and n-3 fatty acids on retinal sensitivity to blue-light-induced damage. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21245404 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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PURPOSE: Blue-light photooxidative damage has been implicated in the etiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The macular pigment xanthophylls lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) and n-3 fatty acids may reduce this damage and lower the risk of AMD. This study investigated the effects of the lifelong absence of xanthophylls followed by L or Z supplementation, combined with the effects of n-3 fatty acid deficiency, on acute blue-light photochemical damage. METHODS: Subjects included eight rhesus monkeys with no lifelong intake of xanthophylls and no detectable macular pigment. Of these, four had low n-3 fatty acid intake and four had adequate intakes. Control subjects had typical L, Z, and n-3 fatty acid intake. Retinas received 150-μm-diameter exposures of low-power 476-nm laser light at 0.5 mm (∼2°) eccentricity, which is adjacent to the macular pigment peak, and parafoveally at 1.5 mm (∼6°). Exposures of xanthophyll-free animals were repeated after supplementation with pure L or Z for 22 to 28 weeks. Ophthalmoscopically visible lesion areas were plotted as a function of exposure energy, with greater slopes of the regression lines indicating greater sensitivity to damage. RESULTS: In control animals, the fovea was less sensitive to blue-light-induced damage than the parafovea. Foveal protection was absent in xanthophyll-free animals but was evident after supplementation. In the parafovea, animals low in n-3 fatty acids showed greater sensitivity to damage than animals with adequate levels. CONCLUSIONS: After long-term xanthophyll deficiency, L or Z supplementation protected the fovea from blue light-induced damage, whereas adequate n-3 fatty acid levels reduced the damage in the parafovea. |
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Authors:
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Felix M Barker; D Max Snodderly; Elizabeth J Johnson; Wolfgang Schalch; Wolfgang Koepcke; Joachim Gerss; Martha Neuringer |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Date: 2011-06-06 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Investigative ophthalmology & visual science Volume: 52 ISSN: 1552-5783 ISO Abbreviation: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. Publication Date: 2011 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-06-07 Completed Date: 2011-08-16 Revised Date: 2011-12-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7703701 Medline TA: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 3934-42 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Salus University, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animal Feed Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / physiology Animals Dietary Supplements Disease Models, Animal Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / administration & dosage*, metabolism Fovea Centralis / metabolism, pathology, radiation effects Light / adverse effects* Lutein / administration & dosage*, deficiency Macaca mulatta Macular Degeneration* / diet therapy, metabolism, pathology Oxidative Stress / physiology, radiation effects Radiation-Protective Agents / administration & dosage, metabolism Xanthophylls / administration & dosage*, deficiency |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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DK29930/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; P30 EY03790/EY/NEI NIH HHS; RR00163/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Fatty Acids, Omega-3; 0/Radiation-Protective Agents; 0/Xanthophylls; 127-40-2/Lutein; 144-68-3/zeaxanthin |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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