| Nutritional factors that influence change in bone density and stress fracture risk among young female cross-country runners. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20709302 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVE: To identify nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns associated with stress fracture risk and changes in bone density among young female distance runners. DESIGN AND SETTING: Two-year, prospective cohort study. Observational data were collected in the course of a multicenter randomized trial of the effect of oral contraceptives on bone health. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and twenty-five female competitive distance runners ages 18-26 years. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS: Dietary variables were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Bone mineral density and content (BMD/BMC) of the spine, hip, and total body were measured annually by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Stress fractures were recorded on monthly calendars, and had to be confirmed by radiograph, bone scan, or magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: Seventeen participants had at least one stress fracture during follow-up. Higher intakes of calcium, skim milk, and dairy products were associated with lower rates of stress fracture. Each additional cup of skim milk consumed per day was associated with a 62% reduction in stress fracture incidence (P < .05); and a dietary pattern of high dairy and low fat intake was associated with a 68% reduction (P < .05). Higher intakes of skim milk, dairy foods, calcium, animal protein, and potassium were associated with significant (P < .05) gains in whole-body BMD and BMC. Higher intakes of calcium, vitamin D, skim milk, dairy foods, potassium, and a dietary pattern of high dairy and low fat were associated with significant gains in hip BMD. CONCLUSIONS: In young female runners, low-fat dairy products and the major nutrients in milk (calcium, vitamin D, and protein) were associated with greater bone gains and a lower stress fracture rate. Potassium intake was also associated with greater gains in hip and whole-body BMD. |
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Authors:
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Jeri W Nieves; Kathryn Melsop; Meredith Curtis; Jennifer L Kelsey; Laura K Bachrach; Gail Greendale; Mary Fran Sowers; Kristin L Sainani |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation Volume: 2 ISSN: 1934-1482 ISO Abbreviation: PM R Publication Date: 2010 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-08-16 Completed Date: 2010-12-23 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101491319 Medline TA: PM R Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 740-50; quiz 794 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2010 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Clinical Research Center, Helen Hayes Hospital, Route 9W, West Haverstraw, NY 10993, USA. jwn5@columbia.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Adult Bone Density* Cohort Studies Contraceptives, Oral Diet* Female Fractures, Stress / diagnosis, epidemiology* Humans Nutritional Status Risk Factors Running / injuries* Young Adult |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Contraceptives, Oral |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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