| Nutrition for endurance sports: Marathon, triathlon, and road cycling. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21916794 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Abstract Endurance sports are increasing in popularity and athletes at all levels are looking for ways to optimize their performance by training and nutrition. For endurance exercise lasting 30?min or more, the most likely contributors to fatigue are dehydration and carbohydrate depletion, whereas gastrointestinal problems, hyperthermia, and hyponatraemia can reduce endurance exercise performance and are potentially health threatening, especially in longer events (>4?h). Although high muscle glycogen concentrations at the start may be beneficial for endurance exercise, this does not necessarily have to be achieved by the traditional supercompensation protocol. An individualized nutritional strategy can be developed that aims to deliver carbohydrate to the working muscle at a rate that is dependent on the absolute exercise intensity as well as the duration of the event. Endurance athletes should attempt to minimize dehydration and limit body mass losses through sweating to 2?3% of body mass. Gastrointestinal problems occur frequently, especially in long-distance races. Problems seem to be highly individual and perhaps genetically determined but may also be related to the intake of highly concentrated carbohydrate solutions, hyperosmotic drinks, as well as the intake of fibre, fat, and protein. Hyponatraemia has occasionally been reported, especially among slower competitors with very high intakes of water or other low sodium drinks. Here I provide a comprehensive overview of recent research findings and suggest several new guidelines for the endurance athlete on the basis of this. These guidelines are more detailed and allow a more individualized approach. |
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Authors:
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Asker Jeukendrup |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-9-15 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of sports sciences Volume: - ISSN: 1466-447X ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-9-15 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8405364 Medline TA: J Sports Sci Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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a School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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