Document Detail


Numerical modelling of simulated blood flow in idealized composite arterial coronary grafts: transient flow.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  17905256     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
In composite arterial coronary grafts (CACGs), transport phenomena and geometry may considerably alter blood flow dynamics. CACGs aim at revascularizing pathological arteries according to the human anatomy. However, the exact mechanisms causing the failure of coronary bypass grafting are not yet well elucidated. In the present study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques are applied for the simulation of multi-branched CACGs under physiologically realistic inflow waveforms. The numerical solution is obtained by a finite-volume method formulated in non-orthogonal, curvilinear coordinates and a multi-grid approach. The geometrical models, consisting of idealized and rigid vessels, include the typical T- and a rather new pi-graft configuration. The stenotic effect is also investigated by comparing computational results for three different degrees of area constriction, namely 25%, 50% and 75%, as well as the case without stenosis. Different grafting distances and various inflow rate ratios are imposed, to give an insight into haemodynamical alterations of CACGs and to study the process of restenosis. The results focus on the interaction between the grafts and coronary flows in terms of spatial and temporal variations of velocity and wall shear stress (WSS) distribution. Prominent variations among the different geometries, concerning the velocity profiles and secondary flow motion, are shown. Moreover, the residual flow emerging from different degrees of area constriction shows that low and oscillating shear stresses may arise for even moderate stenotic fields.
Authors:
A K Politis; G P Stavropoulos; M N Christolis; P G Panagopoulos; N S Vlachos; N C Markatos
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article     Date:  2007-10-01
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of biomechanics     Volume:  41     ISSN:  0021-9290     ISO Abbreviation:  J Biomech     Publication Date:  2008  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2007-12-24     Completed Date:  2008-04-14     Revised Date:  2009-11-11    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0157375     Medline TA:  J Biomech     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  25-39     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, 15780 Athens, Attiki, Greece.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Algorithms
Blood Flow Velocity / physiology
Computer Simulation*
Coronary Artery Bypass*
Coronary Circulation / physiology*
Coronary Restenosis / physiopathology
Coronary Stenosis / physiopathology
Diastole / physiology
Hemorheology
Humans
Models, Biological
Pulsatile Flow / physiology
Stress, Mechanical
Systole / physiology

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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