Document Detail


Numerical modeling of simulated blood flow in idealized composite arterial coronary grafts: steady state simulations.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  16828103     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
This paper presents a comparative study of simulated blood flow in different configurations of simplified composite arterial coronary grafts (CACGs). Even though the composite arterial grafting is increasingly used in cardiac surgery, it is still questionable whether or not the blood flow in such grafts can adequately meet the demands of the native myocardial circulation. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to conduct computer-based studies of simulated blood flow in four different geometric configurations of CACGs, corresponding to routinely used networks in cardiac surgery coronary grafts (T, Y, Pi and sequential). The flow was assumed three-dimensional, laminar and steady and the fluid as Newtonian, while the vessel walls were considered as inelastic and impermeable. It was concluded that local haemodynamics, practically described by velocity, pressure drop, wall shear stress (WSS) and flow rates, may be strongly influenced by the local geometry, especially at the anastomotic sites. The computations were made at mean flow rates of 37.5, 75 and 150ml/min. The side-branch outflow rates, computed for each bypass graft, showed noticeable differences. The results, which were found both qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with other studies, indicate that the Pi-graft exhibits significantly less uniform distribution of outflow rates than the other geometric configurations. Moreover, prominent variations in WSS and velocity distribution among the assessed CACGs were predicted, showing remarkable flow interactions among the arterial branches. The lowest shear stress regions were found on the lateral walls of bifurcations, which are predominantly susceptible to the occurrence of coronary artery disease (CAD). In contrast, the highest WSS were observed at the turn of the arterial branches.
Authors:
A K Politis; G P Stavropoulos; M N Christolis; F G Panagopoulos; N S Vlachos; N C Markatos
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article     Date:  2006-07-07
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of biomechanics     Volume:  40     ISSN:  0021-9290     ISO Abbreviation:  J Biomech     Publication Date:  2007  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2007-03-12     Completed Date:  2007-05-31     Revised Date:  2009-11-11    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0157375     Medline TA:  J Biomech     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1125-36     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157680 Athens, Greece.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Computer Simulation*
Coronary Artery Bypass*
Coronary Circulation*
Coronary Vessels / physiology,  surgery*
Models, Anatomic*
Radial Artery / transplantation*
Rheology

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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