| Numerical and experimental investigations of pulsatile blood flow pattern through a dysfunctional mechanical heart valve. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20188372 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Around 250,000 heart valve replacements are performed every year around the world. Due their higher durability, approximately 2/3 of these replacements use mechanical prosthetic heart valves (mainly bileaflet valves). Although very efficient, these valves can be subject to valve leaflet malfunctions. These malfunctions are usually the consequence of pannus ingrowth and/or thrombus formation and represent serious and potentially fatal complications. Hence, it is important to investigate the flow field downstream of a dysfunctional mechanical heart valve to better understand its impact on blood components (red blood cells, platelets and coagulation factors) and to improve the current diagnosis techniques. Therefore, the objective of this study will be to numerically and experimentally investigate the pulsatile turbulent flow downstream of a dysfunctional bileaflet mechanical heart valve in terms of velocity field, vortex formation and potential negative effect on blood components. The results show that the flow downstream of a dysfunctional valve was characterized by abnormally elevated velocities and shear stresses as well as large scale vortices. These characteristics can predispose to blood components damage. Furthermore, valve malfunction led to an underestimation of maximal transvalvular pressure gradient, using Doppler echocardiography, when compared to numerical results. This could be explained by the shifting of the maximal velocity towards the normally functioning leaflet. As a consequence, clinicians should try, when possible, to check the maximal velocity position not only at the central orifice but also through the lateral orifices. Finding the maximal velocity in the lateral orifice could be an indication of valve dysfunction. |
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Authors:
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O Smadi; I Hassan; P Pibarot; L Kadem |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2010-02-25 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of biomechanics Volume: 43 ISSN: 1873-2380 ISO Abbreviation: J Biomech Publication Date: 2010 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-05-10 Completed Date: 2010-08-20 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0157375 Medline TA: J Biomech Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1565-72 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Laboratory of Cardiovascular Fluid Dynamics, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd W, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1M8. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Blood Flow Velocity* Computer Simulation Equipment Failure Analysis* Heart Valve Prosthesis* Humans Models, Cardiovascular* Prosthesis Design Prosthesis Failure* Pulsatile Flow* |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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