Document Detail


Nucleotides as immunomodulators in clinical nutrition.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  11122561     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Dietary nucleotides, like glutamine, have attracted attention as a key ingredient missing from nutritional formulae for many years. They are the building blocks of tissue RNA and DNA and of ATP and their presence in breast milk has stimulated research in babies which has indicated that supplementation of infant formula milk leads to improved growth and reduced susceptibility to infection. Animal studies have confirmed some of these data. In particular, dietary nucleotides modulate immune function, promote faster intestinal healing and have trophic effects on the intestine of parenterally-fed rats which are similar to those resulting from glutamine supplementation, but at much lower intakes. Nucleotide supplementation has also been shown to improve some aspects of tissue recovery from ischaemia/reperfusion injury or radical resection. There is, however, a fundamental paradox. The intestine and liver possess powerful homeostatic mechanisms which degrade intake of purines and pyrimidines (i.e. salvage) and replace it with de novo synthesised output. It is possible that peripheral tissues receive only small amounts of nucleotides of dietary origin. Previously, nucleotides have been proposed as being conditionally-essential nutrients that provide an adequate supply of purines and pyrimidines for nucleic acid synthesis in neonates or in the stressed patient. This review explores this puzzle in the light of recent data from nutritional studies and from research into purinergic signalling in the intestine, heart and cells of the immune system. We propose that dietary nucleotides should be considered within a pharmacological and metabolic framework.
Authors:
G K Grimble; O M Westwood
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care     Volume:  4     ISSN:  1363-1950     ISO Abbreviation:  Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care     Publication Date:  2001 Jan 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2001-01-17     Completed Date:  2001-06-28     Revised Date:  2008-11-21    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9804399     Medline TA:  Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care     Country:  ENGLAND    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  57-64     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
School of Life Sciences, University of Surrey Roehampton, London, United Kingdom. g.grimble@roehampton.ac.uk
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adjuvants, Immunologic / administration & dosage,  pharmacology*
Administration, Oral
Animals
Dietary Supplements
Homeostasis
Humans
Intestinal Mucosa / drug effects*,  physiology
Intestines / drug effects,  metabolism*
Liver / drug effects,  metabolism*
Nucleotides / administration & dosage,  pharmacology*
Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Parenteral Nutrition, Total
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Adjuvants, Immunologic; 0/Nucleotides

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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