| Nonlinearity and noise at the rod-rod bipolar cell synapse. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21047445 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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In the retina, rod bipolar (RBP) cells synapse with many rods, and suppression of rod outer segment and synaptic noise is necessary for their detection of rod single-photon responses (SPRs). Depending on the rods' signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the suppression mechanism will likely eliminate some SPRs as well, resulting in decreased quantum efficiency. We examined this synapse in rabbit, where 100 rods converge onto each RBP. Suction electrode recordings showed that rabbit rod SPRs were difficult to distinguish from noise (independent SNR estimates were 2.3 and 2.8). Nonlinear transmission from rods to RBPs improved response detection (SNR = 8.7), but a large portion of the rod SPRs was discarded. For the dimmest flashes, the loss approached 90%. Despite the high rejection ratio, noise of two distinct types was apparent in the RBP traces: low-amplitude rumblings and discrete events that resembled the SPR. The SPR-like event frequency suggests that they result from thermal isomerizations of rhodopsin, which occurred at the rate 0.033/s/rod. The presence of low-amplitude noise is explained by a sigmoidal input-output relationship at the rod-RBP synapse and the input of noisy rods. The rabbit rod SNR and RBP quantum efficiency are the lowest yet reported, suggesting that the quantum efficiency of the rod-RBP synapse may depend on the SNR in rods. These results point to the possibility that fewer photoisomerizations are discarded for species such as primate, which has a higher rod SNR. |
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Authors:
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E Brady Trexler; Alexander R R Casti; Yu Zhang |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2010-11-04 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Visual neuroscience Volume: 28 ISSN: 1469-8714 ISO Abbreviation: Vis. Neurosci. Publication Date: 2011 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-01-28 Completed Date: 2011-05-19 Revised Date: 2012-01-04 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8809466 Medline TA: Vis Neurosci Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 61-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Ophthalmology, Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA. brady.trexler@mssm.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Algorithms Animals Convergence, Ocular / physiology Electrophysiology Female Male Microelectrodes Nonlinear Dynamics Photic Stimulation Rabbits Retinal Bipolar Cells / physiology* Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / physiology* Synapses / physiology* Synaptic Transmission / physiology |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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EY01867/EY/NEI NIH HHS; EY16392/EY/NEI NIH HHS; R01 EY016392-04/EY/NEI NIH HHS |
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