| Nondestructive determination of lead, cadmium, tin, antimony, and barium in ceramic glazes by radioisotope X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 8823923 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Quantitation capabilities of radioisotope X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (RXRFS) for determining lead, cadmium, tin, antimony, and barium in ceramic glazes were investigated. Twenty-one air-dried glazes and 85 fired glazes on test tiles were analyzed by using 109Cd and 57Co excitation sources. Accurate Pb determinations, with limits of detection (LODs) of about 0.3 mg/cm2 for 5 min counting times, were achieved by using the 75 keV K alpha 1 X-ray photopeak and a Pb foil calibration procedure. Cd, Sn, Sb, and Ba concentrations were determined with LODs from about 0.5 to 1.5 mg/cm2. For Pb and Ba, results obtained by using absorption corrections based only on element concentrations determined by RXRFS and an iterative approach led to analytical biases of < or = 4% relative to results obtained by using corrections based on known total element compositions. Biases were more severe for Cd, Sn, and Sb because lower X-ray energies were involved and sensitivities varied as a function of matrix Pb content. Pb concentrations were above LODs (1.3-40 mg/cm2) in 39 of 47 fired "food-safe" glazes and in 33 of the other 38 fired glazes (0.4-39 mg/cm2). |
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Authors:
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D L Anderson; W C Cunningham |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of AOAC International Volume: 79 ISSN: 1060-3271 ISO Abbreviation: J AOAC Int Publication Date: 1996 Sep-Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1996-12-02 Completed Date: 1996-12-02 Revised Date: 2008-03-17 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9215446 Medline TA: J AOAC Int Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1141-57 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Washington, DC 20204, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Absorption Antimony / analysis* Barium / analysis* Cadmium / analysis* Ceramics / chemistry* Isotope Labeling Lead / analysis* Reference Standards Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission Tin / analysis* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Ceramics; 7439-92-1/Lead; 7440-31-5/Tin; 7440-36-0/Antimony; 7440-39-3/Barium; 7440-43-9/Cadmium |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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