| Nitrogen storage and its interaction with carbohydrates of young apple trees in response to nitrogen supply. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 14652218 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Bench-grafted 'Fuji/M.26' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees received a constant nitrogen (N) supply (10.7 mM) from bud break to the end of June, and were then fertigated with 0, 5, 10, 15 or 20 mM N in a modified Hoagland's solution for 2 months during the summer. In mid-October, half of the trees fertigated at each N concentration were sprayed twice with 3% urea, whereas the remaining trees served as controls. All trees were harvested after natural leaf fall and were stored at 2 degrees C. Five trees from each of the N treatment combinations were destructively sampled during dormancy to determine the composition of N and total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC). As the N supply from fertigation increased, amounts of N in both free amino acids and proteins increased, whereas C/N ratios decreased. Foliar urea applications in the fall significantly increased amounts of N in both free amino acids and proteins, but decreased their C/N ratios. Arginine, the most abundant amino acid in both free amino acids and in proteins, accounted for an increasing proportion of N in free amino acids and proteins with increasing N supply from fertigation or foliar urea application. The ratio of protein N to free amino acid N decreased from about 27.1 to 3.2 as N supply from fertigation increased from 0 to 20 mM, and decreased further to 3.0 in response to foliar urea applications in the fall. Concentrations of glucose, fructose, sucrose and TNC decreased as the N supply from fertigation increased, whereas concentrations of sorbitol and starch remained relatively unchanged. Foliar urea applications decreased the concentration of each TNC component and the TNC concentration in each N fertigation treatment. A negative linear relationship was found between carbon in TNC and N in proteins and free amino acids. The sum of carbon in TNC, proteins and free amino acids remained constant in response to N supply from fertigation. However, foliar urea applications decreased the sum of carbon in proteins, free amino acids and TNC because about 21% of the decrease in TNC carbon was not recovered in free amino acids or proteins. Young apple trees store N and carbon dynamically in response to N supply. As N supply increases, an increasing proportion of N is found in the form of free amino acids, which have a low carbon cost, although proteins remain the main form of N storage. Furthermore, part of the carbon from TNC is incorporated into amino acids and proteins, decreasing the carbon stored as TNC and increasing the carbon stored as amino acids and proteins. |
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Authors:
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Lailiang Cheng; Fengwang Ma; Damayanthi Ranwala |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Tree physiology Volume: 24 ISSN: 0829-318X ISO Abbreviation: Tree Physiol. Publication Date: 2004 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2003-12-03 Completed Date: 2005-07-20 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100955338 Medline TA: Tree Physiol Country: Canada |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 91-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. LC89@Cornell.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Carbohydrate Metabolism Malus / metabolism, physiology* Nitrogen / metabolism Plant Proteins / metabolism Trees / metabolism, physiology* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Plant Proteins; 7727-37-9/Nitrogen |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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