| Nitric oxide-mediated blood flow regulation as affected by smoking and nicotine. | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 20868673 Owner: NLM Status: In-Process |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, cerebral and coronary vascular diseases, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Chronic smoking impairs endothelial function by decreasing the formation of nitric oxide and increasing the degradation of nitric oxide via generation of oxygen free radicals. Nitric oxide liberated from efferent nitrergic nerves is also involved in vasodilatation, increased regional blood flow, and hypotension that are impaired through nitric oxide sequestering by smoking-induced factors. Influence of smoking on nitric oxide-induced blood flow regulation is not necessarily the same in all organs and tissues. However, human studies are limited mainly to the forearm blood flow measurement that assesses endothelial function under basal and stimulated conditions and also determination of penile tumescence and erection in response to endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide. Therefore, information about blood flow regulation in other organs, such as the brain and placenta, has been provided mainly from studies on experimental animals. Nicotine, a major constituent of cigarette smoke, acutely dilates cerebral arteries and arterioles through nitric oxide liberated from nitrergic neurons, but chronically interferes with endothelial function in various vasculatures, both being noted in studies on experimental animals. Cigarette smoke constituents other than nicotine also have some vascular actions. Not only active but also passive smoking is undoubtedly harmful for both the smokers themselves and their neighbors, who should bear in mind that they can face serious diseases in the future, which may result in lengthy hospitalization, and a shortened lifespan. |
| | |
Authors:
|
Noboru Toda; Hiroshi Toda |
Related Documents
:
|
9667303 - Flow-induced dilation of rat coronary microvessels is attenuated by isoflurane but enha... 8224733 - Physiological mechanisms and pharmacological regulation of acute collateral perfusion. 8941473 - Accuracy of home blood glucose meters during hypoglycemia. |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: Journal Article Date: 2010-09-21 |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: European journal of pharmacology Volume: 649 ISSN: 1879-0712 ISO Abbreviation: Eur. J. Pharmacol. Publication Date: 2010 Dec |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 2010-11-01 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 1254354 Medline TA: Eur J Pharmacol Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
|
Languages: eng Pagination: 1-13 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
|
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
|
Toyama Institute for Cardiovascular Research, 7-13, 1-Chome, Azuchi-machi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0052, Japan. n.toda.toyama-bldg@orion.ocn.ne.jp |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
|
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: WIN55212-2 ameliorates atherosclerosis associated with suppression of pro-inflammatory responses in ...
Next Document: Fucoxanthin inhibits the inflammatory response by suppressing the activation of NF-?B and MAPKs in l...