| Nitric oxide as a regulator of behavior: New ideas from Aplysia feeding. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22575157 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Nitric oxide (NO) regulates Aplysia feeding by novel mechanisms, suggesting new roles for NO in controlling the behavior of higher animals. In Aplysia, (1) NO helps maintain arousal when produced by neurons responding to attempts to swallow food; (2) NO biases the motor system to reject and reposition food that resists swallowing; (3) if mechanically resistant food is not successfully swallowed, NO mediates the formation and expression of memories of food inedibility; (4) NO production at rest inhibits feeding, countering the effects of food stimuli exciting feeding. At a cellular level, NO-dependent channels contribute to the resting potential of neurons controlling food finding and food consumption. Increases in l-arginine after animals eat act as a post-feeding inhibitory signal, presumably by modulating NO production at rest. NO also signals non-feeding behaviors that are associated with feeding inhibition. Thus, depending on context, NO may enhance or inhibit feeding behavior. The different functions of NO may reflect the evolution of NO signaling from a response to tissue damage that was then elaborated and used for additional functions. These results suggest that in higher animals (1) elicited and background transmitter release may have similar effects; (2) NO may be produced by neurons without firing, influencing adjacent neurons; (3) background NO production may contribute to a neuron's resting potential; (4) circulating factors affecting background NO production may regulate spatially separated neurons; (5) l-arginine can be used to regulate neural activity; (6) l-arginine may be an effective post-ingestion metabolic signal to regulate feeding. |
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Authors:
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Abraham J Susswein; Hillel J Chiel |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-4-2 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Progress in neurobiology Volume: - ISSN: 1873-5118 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-5-11 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0370121 Medline TA: Prog Neurobiol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, and The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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