Document Detail


Nitrate and sulfate: Effective alternative hydrogen sinks for mitigation of ruminal methane production in sheep.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  21094759     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Twenty male crossbred Texel lambs were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design experiment to assess the effect of dietary addition of nitrate (2.6% of dry matter) and sulfate (2.6% of dry matter) on enteric methane emissions, rumen volatile fatty acid concentrations, rumen microbial composition, and the occurrence of methemoglobinemia. Lambs were gradually introduced to nitrate and sulfate in a corn silage-based diet over a period of 4 wk, and methane production was subsequently determined in respiration chambers. Diets were given at 95% of the lowest ad libitum intake observed within one block in the week before methane yield was measured to ensure equal feed intake of animals between treatments. All diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous. Methane production decreased with both supplements (nitrate: -32%, sulfate: -16%, and nitrate+sulfate: -47% relative to control). The decrease in methane production due to nitrate feeding was most pronounced in the period immediately after feeding, whereas the decrease in methane yield due to sulfate feeding was observed during the entire day. Methane-suppressing effects of nitrate and sulfate were independent and additive. The highest methemoglobin value observed in the blood of the nitrate-fed animals was 7% of hemoglobin. When nitrate was fed in combination with sulfate, methemoglobin remained below the detection limit of 2% of hemoglobin. Dietary nitrate decreased heat production (-7%), whereas supplementation with sulfate increased heat production (+3%). Feeding nitrate or sulfate had no effects on volatile fatty acid concentrations in rumen fluid samples taken 24h after feeding, except for the molar proportion of branched-chain volatile fatty acids, which was higher when sulfate was fed and lower when nitrate was fed, but not different when both products were included in the diet. The total number of rumen bacteria increased as a result of sulfate inclusion in the diet. The number of methanogens was reduced when nitrate was fed. Enhanced levels of sulfate in the diet increased the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria. The number of protozoa was not affected by nitrate or sulfate addition. Supplementation of a diet with nitrate and sulfate is an effective means for mitigating enteric methane emissions from sheep.
Authors:
S M van Zijderveld; W J J Gerrits; J A Apajalahti; J R Newbold; J Dijkstra; R A Leng; H B Perdok
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of dairy science     Volume:  93     ISSN:  1525-3198     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Dairy Sci.     Publication Date:  2010 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-11-24     Completed Date:  2011-02-01     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  2985126R     Medline TA:  J Dairy Sci     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  5856-66     Citation Subset:  IM    
Copyright Information:
Copyright © 2010 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Affiliation:
Provimi Holding BV, Research Centre De Viersprong, Veilingweg 23, NL-5334LD, Velddriel, the Netherlands.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Animals
Diet / veterinary
Dietary Supplements*
Fatty Acids, Volatile / metabolism
Fermentation / physiology
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Intestines / metabolism
Male
Methane / biosynthesis*
Methemoglobinemia / veterinary
Nitrates / administration & dosage*
Random Allocation
Rumen / metabolism*,  microbiology
Sheep / metabolism,  physiology*
Sulfates / administration & dosage*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Fatty Acids, Volatile; 0/Nitrates; 0/Sulfates; 74-82-8/Methane

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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