| Niacin in cardiovascular disease: recent preclinical and clinical developments. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22207729 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Niacin has been used for more than 50 years in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, although its use has largely been superseded by better-tolerated lipid-modulating interventions. There has been a renewed interest in the HDL-cholesterol raising properties of niacin, with the appreciation that substantial cardiovascular risk remains despite effective treatment of LDL-cholesterol. This coincides with increasing evidence that the complex functional properties of HDL are not well reflected by measurement of HDL-cholesterol alone. In addition to favorable actions on lipoproteins, it is becoming apparent that niacin may also possess lipoprotein independent or pleiotropic effects including the inhibition of inflammatory pathways mediated by its receptor GPR109A, which is expressed by adipocytes and some leukocytes. In this article we consider emerging and prior clinical trial data relating to niacin. We review recent data in respect of mechanisms of action on lipoproteins, which remain complex and incompletely understood. We discuss the recent reports of anti-inflammatory effects of niacin in adipocytes and through bone marrow derived cells and vascular endothelium. These novel observations come at an interesting time, with current imaging and outcome studies leaving outstanding questions on niacin efficacy in statin-treated patients. |
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Authors:
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Janet E Digby; Neil Ruparelia; Robin P Choudhury |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2011-12-29 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Volume: 32 ISSN: 1524-4636 ISO Abbreviation: Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. Publication Date: 2012 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-02-20 Completed Date: 2012-04-13 Revised Date: 2012-04-13 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9505803 Medline TA: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 582-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use* Biological Markers / blood Cardiovascular Diseases / blood, etiology, prevention & control* Cholesterol, HDL / blood Dyslipidemias / blood, complications, drug therapy* Humans Hypolipidemic Agents / therapeutic use* Niacin / therapeutic use* Treatment Outcome Up-Regulation |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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088291//Wellcome Trust; //Wellcome Trust |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Anti-Inflammatory Agents; 0/Biological Markers; 0/Cholesterol, HDL; 0/Hypolipidemic Agents; 59-67-6/Niacin |
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