Document Detail


New role of glutamate as an immunoregulator via glutamate receptors and transporters.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  21622250     Owner:  NLM     Status:  In-Data-Review    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Accumulating evidence suggests that the amino acid glutamate (Glu) may play a role in mediating immune function. The demonstration of Glu receptors (GluR) and Glu transporters (GluT) on a variety of immune cells suggests that Glu has a functional role in immunoregulation well beyond its role as a neurotransmitter. The extracellular Glu concentration plays a key role in the regulation of GSH synthesis in immune cells via 2 key GluTs (i.e., Xc- and X-AG systems). Emerging evidence also suggests a role of Glu as signaling molecule in immune cells via ionotropic GluRs (iGluRs) and metabotropic GluRs (mGluRs). In vitro, extracellular Glu concentration has been shown to exert a dose-dependent regulation on lymphocyte activation/proliferation. Specifically, Given the exceedingly high intestinal Glu concentration, these finding are suggestive of a potential role for Glu in modulating immune function and promoting tolerance in the gut associated lymphoid tissues.
Authors:
Hongyu Xue; Catherine J Field
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article     Date:  2011-06-01
Journal Detail:
Title:  Frontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition)     Volume:  3     ISSN:  1945-0524     ISO Abbreviation:  Front Biosci (Schol Ed)     Publication Date:  2011  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2011-05-30     Completed Date:  -     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  101485241     Medline TA:  Front Biosci (Schol Ed)     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1007-20     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
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