| New insights into pathogenesis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22157157 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) refers to acute airflow obstruction that is triggered by a period of physical exertion. Here we review recent findings about the epidemiology of EIB, immunopathology leading to EIB, and the latest understanding of the pathogenesis of EIB. RECENT FINDINGS: Longitudinal studies demonstrated that airway hyper-responsiveness to exercise or cold air at an early age are among the strongest predictors of persistent asthma. Patients that are susceptible to EIB have epithelial disruption and increased levels of inflammatory eicosanoids such as cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLT)s. The leukocytes implicated in production of eicosanoids in the airways include both a unique mast cell population as well as eosinophils. A secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) enzyme that serves as a regulator of CysLT formation is present in increased quantities in asthma. Transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) is expressed at increased levels in asthma and serves as a regulator of secreted phospholipase A2 group X (sPLA2-X). Further, sPLA2-X acts on target cells such as eosinophils to initiate cellular eicosanoid synthesis. SUMMARY: Recent studies have advanced our understanding of EIB as a syndrome that is caused by the increased production of inflammatory eicosanoids. The airway epithelium may be an important regulator of the production of inflammatory eicosanoids by leukocytes. |
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Authors:
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Teal S Hallstrand |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-12-9 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology Volume: - ISSN: 1473-6322 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-12-13 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 100936359 Medline TA: Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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