Document Detail


Neuroprotection in glaucoma using calpain-1 inhibitors: regional differences in calpain-1 activity in the trabecular meshwork, optic nerve and implications for therapeutics.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  18673213     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Glaucoma is a group of irreversible blinding eye diseases affecting over 70 million people worldwide. Systemic delivery of calpain-1 inhibitors was proposed as a neuroprotection strategy for the prevention of progressive optic nerve damage in glaucoma. We present a general review of calpain-1 and an account of vast differences in processing of calpain-1 in the trabecular meshwork (TM) and the optic nerve. Calpain-1 accumulates in the glaucomatous TM tissues in vivo. However, calpain-1 activity is substantially lower in the glaucomatous TM compared to controls, apparently owing to partial degradation, and modification by lipid oxidation products such as iso [4]levuglandin E2 (iso [4]LGE(2)). Treatment of calpain-1 with iso [4]LGE(2) in vitro results in covalent modification, inactivation, and resistance to protease digestion. Iso [4]LGE(2)-modified calpain-1 appeared to undergo ubiquitination in the TM by cellular degradation machinery mediated by ubch1-2, ubch5,6 and E6-AP, E2 and E3 enzymes respectively. In the TM, iso [4]LGE(2)-modified calpain-1 loading impairs the cellular proteasome activity consistent with competitive inhibition and formation of suicidal high molecular weight aggregates. In contrast, higher calpain-1 activity, that appears to be under translational control, was observed in glaucomatous optic nerve compared to control. Therapeutic neuroprotection strategies using calpain-1 inhibitors will require consideration of such anatomic differences in its activity and biosynthesis.
Authors:
Bharathi Govindarajan; James Laird; Ronald Sherman; Robert G Salomon; Sanjoy K Bhattacharya
Related Documents :
12162513 - Ultrasound biomicroscopic dimensions of the anterior chamber in angle-closure glaucoma ...
15973873 - Control of overtime: a department manager's never-ending task.
16307213 - Organochlorine insecticides in mudflats of hong kong, china.
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  CNS & neurological disorders drug targets     Volume:  7     ISSN:  1871-5273     ISO Abbreviation:  CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets     Publication Date:  2008 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2008-08-04     Completed Date:  2008-11-05     Revised Date:  2011-09-26    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  101269155     Medline TA:  CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets     Country:  United Arab Emirates    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  295-304     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Calpain / metabolism*
Glaucoma / drug therapy*,  pathology
Glycoproteins / chemistry,  metabolism,  therapeutic use*
Humans
Neuroprotective Agents / chemistry,  metabolism,  therapeutic use*
Optic Nerve / drug effects,  metabolism*
Trabecular Meshwork / drug effects,  metabolism*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
EY015266/EY/NEI NIH HHS; GM021249/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS; R03 EY015266-03/EY/NEI NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Glycoproteins; 0/Neuroprotective Agents; 0/calpain inhibitors; EC 3.4.22.-/Calpain
Comments/Corrections

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Beta-secretase: structure, function, and evolution.
Next Document:  Calpain as a potential therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease.